1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
I appreciate you sharing this fantastic website.
Mosque Donation kiosk
برای بازدید از جاذبه های گردشگری ایران به سایت بزن بریم سفر مراجعه نمایید
اگر به دنبال بهترین مکان های گردشگری ایران و جهان هستید می توانید به سایت ما مراجعه کنید که با کمترین هزینه به بهترین مکان های گردشگری ایران
سفر کنید.
سایت فروشگاهی گلارا فروش انواع لاک ژل
با و تجهیزات کاشت ناخن با قیمت مناسب در خدمت مشتریان می باشد، می توانید محصولات را به صورت عمده نیز تهیه نمایید
خرید انواع دستگاه یووی تخم مرغی
خرید انواع دستگاه لاک خشک کن انگشتی
Your information was very innovative and extremely useful. I look forward to learning much more from you so that I could use the ideas to make betterments to my website and create some very creative group cards that would be loved and cherished by all.
https://sendwishonline.com/en/group-cards/baby-birth
انواع دستگاه لاک خشک کن مینی
با کیفیت بالا و قیمت مناسب در سایت فروشگاهی گلارا
استفاده از لاک پایه قبل از زدن لاک ژل
و لاک ناخن یکی از کارهای ضروریست که در زیبایی ناخن تاثیر بسزایی دارد
برای خرید لاک پایه
می توانید به سایت ما مراجعه نمایید
At Cars Wreckers, we are your trusted partners for all your car-related needs in Brisbane. Our expert team specializes in junk car removals with a commitment to providing top-notch services. If you have a vehicle that’s no longer roadworthy or taking up space, our junk car removal service is here to assist you. We offer efficient and hassle-free solutions, ensuring your unwanted vehicle is removed promptly and responsibly. Choose cars wreckers Brisbane for a reliable and environmentally friendly approach to car disposal. Contact us today and let us take care of your car wrecking needs in Brisbane.
At Cars Wreckers, we are your trusted partners for all your car-related needs in Brisbane. Our expert team specializes in junk car removals with a commitment to providing top-notch services. If you have a vehicle that’s no longer roadworthy or taking up space, our junk car removal service is here to assist you. We offer efficient and hassle-free solutions, ensuring your unwanted vehicle is removed promptly and responsibly. Choose cars wreckers Brisbane for a reliable and environmentally friendly approach to car disposal. Contact us today and let us take care of your car wrecking needs in Brisbane.
https://www.carswreckers.com.au/junk-car/
This is just amazing. After reading it, I really liked it.
Realtors In Dubai
اگه دنبال کیف زنانه و دخترانه مجلسی و اسپورت هستی سایت فروشگاهی گلدن کیف رو از دست نده
خرید کیف زنانه مجلسی و اسپورت
This is something I actually have to try and do a lot of analysis into, thanks for the post 스포츠토토
Hello! I am Elliza allen. I am a professional essay writer currently working with an online essay writing service for more information visit myassignmenthelp.com
Men Always Admire Beautiful Women with Sexy Bodies. Such Ladies Are Called Hyderabad Escorts and They Attract Men with Their Curvy Bodies and Electrifying Personality.
Thank you for sharing the article. post more often.
pakistani boutique near me
Saya akan merekomendasikan ini kepada teman-teman saya. jasa aqiqah jakarta
Your information was exceptionally creative and very valuable. very valuable post for me . I am an academic writing expert, where I have been working for the last 10 years for more information visit: myassignmenthelp.expert
Hello everyone! I am harvey. Are you Searching for the best Assignment Help? where I have been working for the last 10 years.you can get the best assignment writing assistance on myassignmenthelp.expert
Remote learning is becoming an increasingly common choice and the primary option if you are looking to go forward with the course of your studies without needing to attend traditional on-campus, school-based courses. Online classes, without a question, provide a great deal of independence as well as adaptability. If you’re thinking about it, possibilities are you already have a full-time position or other responsibilities that you would like to put up while still attempting to further your education. That’s completely fine. After all, that is the purpose of “ do my online class for me. A wide range of program and subjects are offered through online education. You can take one subject-oriented course online, a technical or professional training package, or a comprehensive Bachelors and Masters study.
블로그에 대한 흥미로운 주제. 나는 재미를 위해 인터넷을 검색하고 당신의 웹 사이트를 찾았습니다. 멋진 포스트. 지식을 공유해 주셔서 감사합니다! 일부 사람들이 여전히 웹 사이트를 관리하는 데 노력을 기울이는 것을 보는 것이 좋습니다. 곧 다시 확인하겠습니다. 애볼루션카지노
I have read all the comments and suggestions posted by the visitors for this article are very fine,We will wait for your next article so only.Thanks! shuttle bus between heathrow and gatwick
When it comes to marketing assignment help in the United States, students have access to a wealth of resources and services to ensure their academic success. The dynamic and ever-evolving field of marketing demands a deep understanding of consumer behavior, market trends, and effective communication strategies. Seeking help with marketing assignment can provide valuable insights and support for students aiming to excel in this discipline. Professional services and academic experts are readily available to guide students through the intricacies of marketing concepts, from crafting compelling marketing plans to analyzing consumer data. With access to these resources, students in the United States can enhance their knowledge and skills, ultimately preparing them for a successful career in the dynamic world of marketing.
Parkascent hotel has the Best Banquet Halls In Noida for your every gathering even if it’s for your family gatherings or for corporate parties. It has every facility that you need. From elegant and exquisite decor to award winning cuisines it has everything. Book with us to enjoy these amenities today.
Our Liverpool University MBA Solved Assignment will help you in scoring good marks in your academics, we are a reliable assignment writing service providers.
Contact best love problem solution specialist Jyotish Acharya Rahul Ji for love problem for get lost love back & relationship issues.
Our Liverpool University MBA Solved Assignment will help you in scoring good marks in your academics, we are a reliable assignment writing service providers.
Thank you for providing me with this useful knowledge.
Real Estate Developers In Dubai
Our Liverpool University MBA Solved Assignment will help you in scoring good marks in your academics, we are a reliable assignment writing service providers.
Amazing Posting is a great resource for finding guest blog opportunities and connecting with other bloggers. If you’re looking to build your online presence, then this site is a must-check!
the flip buzz is a fantastic platform for guest posting and link insertion. As an authoritative and highly reputable site, it offers a great opportunity to reach a wide and engaged audience through your guest post. So why wait? Submit your guest post today and start reaping the benefits of this exceptional site!
Nearby massive agency has arisen as a significant methodology in the computerized promoting scene, empowering organizations to interface with their ideal interest group in unambiguous geographic regions. At the bleeding edge of this groundbreaking movement stands the Nearby Web optimization promoting organization, a unique substance that uses the ability to raise organizations from indefinite quality to conspicuousness inside their neighborhood networks. These specific firms are proficient at exploring the unpredictable trap of calculations that oversee web crawler rankings, guaranteeing that organizations surface unmistakably when expected clients in their area look for significant items or administrations. A gifted Nearby Web optimization promoting organization is much the same as a compass, directing organizations through the maze of neighborhood search, helping them not exclusively to get by however to flourish in the savagely cutthroat computerized biological system.
smile dating test
Are you looking to buy cheap Windows VPS hosting? Look no further than CaVPS Host! We offer affordable and reliable Windows VPS solutions that cater to your specific needs. With our exceptional services, you can enjoy the power and flexibility of a virtual private server without breaking the bank.
처음으로 여기를 방문하고 블로그에서 흥미로운 내용을 많이 발견했습니다. 특히 토론입니다. 감사합니다. 토토사이트
Nice to be visiting your blog again, it has been months for me. Well this article that i’ve been waited for so long. I need this article to complete my assignment in the college, and it has same topic with your article. Thanks, great share. 신당출장홈타이
Informasi yang sangat berguna, terima kasih. pembasmi rayap serpong
I truly welcome this superb post that you have accommodated us. I guarantee this would be valuable for the vast majority of the general population. Vita Glow Cream
Zuban Bandi ka Powerful Wazifa, also known as the wazifa to control one’s speech or tongue, is a powerful Islamic prayer that is believed to help individuals control their words and speech.
ดูหนังออนไลน์วอลล์ – อี หุ่นจิ๋วหัวใจเกินร้อย ได้ทอดทิ้งโลกเพราะเหตุว่ามันถูกปกคลุมไปด้วยขยะ จากสินค้าที่ขายโดย บริษัท ขนาดใหญ่ Buy N ระดับประเทศที่ทรงอำนาจอย่าง WALL-E หุ่นยนต์เก็บขยะถูกทิ้งให้ชำระล้าง ความไม่เป็นระเบียบ WALL-E อยู่ตามลำพังบนโลก ดูหนังออนไลน์ Soul เต็มเรื่อง ด้วยความลุ่มหลงในเครื่องเพชรพลอยนิดๆหน่อยๆของประวัติศาสตร์โลกนอกจากแมลงสาบสัตว์เลี้ยงแสนอร่อย วันหนึ่ง EVE ซึ่งเป็นหุ่นยนต์เที่ยวตรวจที่โฉบเฉี่ยว (และก็อันตราย)
ถูกส่งมายังโลกเพื่อค้นหาข้อยืนยันว่าชีวิตจะจีรังยั่งยืนอีกรอบ WALL-E หลงรัก EVE WALL-E ช่วย EVE จากลมพายุใต้ฝุ่นละอองรวมทั้งแสดงให้คุณมองเห็นพืชมีชีวิตที่เขาเจอท่ามกลางซาก ดูหนัง Wall-E (2008) ตาม “คำบัญชา” ของคุณ EVE จะเข้าสู่โรงงานรวมทั้งไปสู่สถานะปิดการใช้แรงงานอัตโนมัตินอกจากสัญญาณไฟสีเขียวกะพริบ วอล – อีไม่รู้เรื่องว่ากำเนิดอะไรสังกัดเพื่อนฝูงใหม่ของเขา แต่ว่าด้วยความรักของเขาเขาปกป้องรักษาคุณจากลมฝนรวมทั้งฟ้า
Protect your skin when going outdoors by applying sunscreen to the treated areas. Laser-treated skin can be more sensitive to UV radiation, so take extra precautions to prevent burns or skin damage. ruwa braiding hair
Wazifa Ayat E Shifa is a powerful Islamic prayer that is recited to seek healing and cure from various illnesses and diseases.
Many thanks for making the effort to discuss this, I feel strongly about this and like learning a great deal more on this subject. If possible, as you gain expertise, would you mind updating your website with a great deal more info? It’s extremely helpful for me. Paragliding in Kashmir
Truly, this article is really one of the very best in the history of articles. I am a antique ’Article’ collector and I sometimes read some new articles if I find them interesting. And I found this one pretty fascinating and it should go into my collection. Very good work! 먹튀검증
Sederhana tapi sangat efektif, suka! Jasa Penerjemah Bahasa Arab
1xbet promo code allows you to get a VIP bonus of up to 130%. This is an up-to-date offer for new players and betting fans. In return for registering with a promo code, participants receive gifts and awards.
Revenue Management in Action involves the strategic optimization of pricing and inventory to maximize profitability. This dynamic approach is crucial in various industries, including hospitality, airlines, and retail. By leveraging data analytics and demand forecasting, businesses can fine-tune pricing strategies and allocate resources effectively. For students seeking insights into this field, educational resources from reputable platforms like “myassignmenthelp.com” can be beneficial. They offer informative content and expert guidance to help students grasp the concepts of revenue management. Explore their resources to gain a deeper understanding of this essential business strategy and its real-world applications
Hello, I am one of the most impressed people in your article. 카지노사이트추천 I’m very curious about how you write such a good article. Are you an expert on this subject? I think so. Thank you again for allowing me to read these posts, and have a nice day today. Thank you.