1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
This is very smart, really an intelligent idea. This is my first time in your blog and I really love it. Thanks for this awesome post. 物理補習班
The information you shared in your post is Good. I admire your work. Wish you all the luck for all your blogging efforts. For More Informative Content Visit our Site.
Nice specifics, important besides amazing structure, seeing that select nutrients obtaining ideas besides procedures, a lot of very good specifics besides eagerness, either i essential, out of produce quite a helpful tips on this page. Bridal makeup
I’m constantly searching on the internet for posts that will help me. Too much is clearly to learn about this. I believe you created good quality items in Functions also. Keep working, congrats! obsession spells
I would state, you do the truly amazing.This substance is made to a magnificent degree well. 補習社
I randomly browse blogs on the internet, and that i discover your article to be very informational. I have already bookmark it on my browser, in order that I can read your blog publish once more later. Additionally, i am wondering whether or not or not your weblog is open for link exchange, as i actually need to trade links with you. I don’t normally do that, but I hope that we are going to have a mutual hyperlink exchange. Let me know and have an ideal day! vacuum hardening near me
Wow, What an Outstanding post. I found this too much informatics. It is what I was seeking for. I would like to recommend you that please keep sharing such type of info.If possible, Thanks.
บาคาร่า
The innocence test, often referred to as the Purity Test, is a captivating self-assessment questionnaire that has entranced the minds of countless individuals, offering a whimsical journey of introspection. It consists of a series of questions encompassing a wide range of life experiences, behaviors, and choices. Test-takers attribute numerical scores to each question, typically falling within the 0 to 100 range. Higher scores indicate a greater perceived level of innocence or purity.
It is my first visit to your blog, and I am very impressed with the articles that you serve. Give adequate knowledge for me. Thank you for sharing useful material. I will be back for the more great post.
บาคาร่าออนไลน์
The rice purity test is a beloved tradition among young adults and college students, offering a light-hearted and amusing way to reflect on life experiences and perceived innocence. This self-assessment questionnaire presents a series of questions that cover a broad spectrum of behaviors, adventures, and personal choices. Test-takers assign numerical scores to each question, typically ranging from 0 to 100, with higher scores suggesting a greater perception of innocence or purity.
A very excellent blog post. I am thankful for your blog post. I have found a lot of approaches after visiting your post.
สูตรบาคาร่า
Best Way To Know How You Can Get Up To 90 Percent Marks In First Try In DASM PDF Dumps.
Certsquestions Gives You Most Establish SPLK-4001 PDF Exam Dumps That Are Verified By Experts.
I was surfing the Internet for information and came across your blog. I am impressed by the information you have on this blog. It shows how well you understand this subject. Doujindesu Apk
Get ready to ace your PCSFE Dumps PDF certification exam with CertsQuestions PDF questions!
We are capable to will provide you with the objective On this page recognize the simplest way to train the idea the appropriate way. Recognize besides make everything valuable. Bridal makeup
nice bLog! its interesting. thank you for sharing…. situs porno
I was also reading a topic like this one from another site..~~*’ 메리트카지노
A community that recommends popular and safe online hold’em sites in Korea and real money Texas Hold’em games more info
I wear t have room schedule-wise right now to completely read your site yet I have bookmarked it and furthermore include your RSS channels. I will return in a day or two. much obliged for an extraordinary
pittsburgh seo
Usual webpage, you’ll see the page, you might want to be aware of the fact that pieces of information. Vuuloe
Pretty good post. I just stumbled upon your blog and wanted to say that I have really enjoyed reading your blog posts. Any way I’ll be subscribing to your feed and I hope you post again soon. Big thanks for the useful info. situs porno
I think this is a fantastic article, and I really appreciate you letting me know about it. That is precisely what I had hoped to find, and I really hope that you will keep sharing content that is of such high quality in the years to come
Abogado Divorcios Alexandria VA
i always enjoy to do blog hopping and i stumbled upon your blog .””~”; faffbet giriş
Very properly said, your blog says all of it approximately that specific subject matter.,:~`” daftar slot online
Good post of the day.กล้องโพราลอยด์
You need to be a part of a tournament for just one of the finest blogs on-line. I most certainly will suggest this website!
quantum ai elon musk
I know your aptitude on this. I should say we ought to have an online discourse on this. Composing just remarks will close the talk straight away! What’s more, will confine the advantages from this data. Steuererklärung Hattingen
TONIC GREENS REVIEW Tonic Greens Reviews – (❌⚠️❌ ALL TRUTH EXPOSED ❌⚠️❌) – Tonic Greens Review – Tonic Greens Official
A user configuring the Guest Access in a Linksys router must take care of a few things like – which frequency band is being assigned to the Guest network, the password you are entering for securing the Guest network, and the users to whom you are allowing access to the Internet. Users entering the Guest network must enter the password in their device to access it. You can change the Guest network password anytime using the myrouter.local interface.
To enhance the security level of the router’s network you can change the security type from the wireless settings tab. While assigning the network name or changing the wifi password, a user can change the security type. The default security type of the Rockspace router’s network is WPA/WPA2-PSK which can be later configured through the re.rockspace.local interface.
A user has to maintain the Wireless Schedule of a router through the dlinkrouter.local management window to prevent the overuse of the Internet within the network. With the help of a Wireless Schedule option, you can set up a schedule according to which nearby users can access the network. The users within the range of a network will be able to access the Wifi according to the schedule maintained in the Wireless Schedule option.
Explore the ultimate guide to setup.ampedwireless.com. Learn how to boost your Wi-Fi signal, extend network coverage, and optimize your home or office network for peak performance. Our step-by-step tutorials and expert tips will help you get the most out of your Amped Wireless devices. Whether you’re a tech enthusiast or a novice, we’ve got you covered. Start maximizing your wireless potential today!
What is the default URL for setting up a Dlinkap.local?
Recovering Wifi password on wifi.wavlink.com router.
Looking for inspiration on where to travel next? Look no further than 0KM Tour Planner! We have scoured the globe to bring you the most incredible destinations, each offering a unique and unforgettable travel experience. Book okm travel now!
Aw, it was a very good post. In idea I would like to devote writing such as this furthermore,?¡ìC spending time and specific work to produce a great article?- nonetheless so what can I say?- I waste time alot and never at all seem to obtain one thing completed. กานาโช
very interesting keep posting. situs bokep
The railway industry in France has a rich history and plays a vital role in the country’s transportation infrastructure. France boasts one of the most extensive and advanced railway networks in Europe, known for its high-speed trains, modernization efforts, and commitment to sustainability.
Regards,
Cek Harga
thanks for this usefull article, waiting for this article like this again. video porno
your blog is very good. It was very well authored and easy to understand. Unlike additional blogs I have read which are really not good. I also found your posts very interesting Der Pfoten Freund
Merely a smiling visitant here to share the love (:, btw outstanding style. https wellhealthorganic com how protein can help you lose weight
Outstanding article! I want people to know just how good this information is in your article. Your views are much like my own concerning this subject. I will visit daily your blog because I know. It may be very beneficial for me. qzxeesx5kx12
https://xwalkcenter.org/
link alternatif hit88
hit88 login
https://xwalkcenter.org/
This is the right blog for anyone who wants to find out about this topic. You realize so much its almost hard to argue with you (not that I actually would want…HaHa). You definitely put a new spin on a topic thats been written about for years. Great stuff, just great! เอกตอร์ เบเยริน
Thank you for your site post. Jones and I are actually saving to get a new publication on this issue and your post has made all of us to save our own money. Your notions really clarified all our questions. In fact, more than what we had thought of prior to when we stumbled on your wonderful blog. We no longer nurture doubts as well as a troubled mind because you have actually attended to our own needs in this post. Thanks ทางเข้ายูฟ่า
href=”https://protecciondatos-grancanaria.com”>KEY4D Slot Online Terbaikadalah salah satu brand terkemuka dalam dunia perjudian online, khususnya dalam kategori mesin slot. Situs ini telah membangun reputasi kuat karena berbagai alasan, termasuk beragamnya permainan slot yang ditawarkan, bonus menarik, dan tentu saja, dukungan pelanggan yang luar biasa.