1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
Succeed! It could be one of the most useful blogs we have ever come across on the subject. Excellent info! I’m also an expert in this topic so I can understand your effort very well. Thanks for the huge help. slot demo
hi!,I like your writing so much! share we keep up a correspondence extra approximately your post on AOL? I require a specialist on this space to solve my problem. May be that is you! Looking ahead to peer you. เว็บพนันออนไลน์เว็บตรง
You bear through a awesome vacancy. I sanity definitely quarry it moreover personally suggest to my buddys. I am self-possessed they determination be benefited from this scene. 토트넘 토토
I am unquestionably making the most of your site. You unquestionably have some extraordinary knowledge and incredible stories. 倫敦樓盤
I was surfing the Internet for information and came across your blog. I am impressed by the information you have on this blog. It shows how well you understand this subject. metanail complex
thanks for this usefull article, waiting for this article like this again. Soulja Boy Net Worth
Youre so cool! I dont suppose Ive read anything in this way before. So nice to find somebody with a few original applying for grants this subject. realy appreciate starting this up. this excellent website is something that is required on the net, a person with some originality. helpful work for bringing something totally new on the world wide web! Wheelchair for sale cheap
Learn and Apply Strategies
Take note of the coping strategies and techniques shared by others. Experiment with those that resonate with you, and adapt them to fit your own circumstances.
derealizacija
Seek Professional Help
While online forums can provide support, they are not a substitute for professional guidance. If depersonalization significantly impacts your daily life, consider consulting a mental health professional for tailored assistance.
derealizacija
the Depersonalizacija Forum serves as a beacon of hope for individuals navigating the perplexing landscape of depersonalization. Through shared experiences, coping strategies, empathy, and knowledge exchange, this online community offers valuable insights and companionship to those in need. If you or someone you know is grappling with depersonalization, remember that support is available and that you’re not alone on this journey.
derealizacija
In this comprehensive guide, we will delve into the intricate concept of derealization. Our aim is to provide you with a thorough understanding of this psychological phenomenon, shedding light on its various aspects, causes, symptoms, and potential coping strategies.
derealizacija
By the end of this article, you will be equipped with the knowledge to navigate through the realm of derealization and find ways to manage it effectively.
derealizacija
Great job for publishing such a beneficial web site. Your web log isn’t only useful but it is additionally really creative too. liv pure
Derealization is a psychological experience that can leave individuals feeling disconnected from their surroundings. It is characterized by a sense of unreality or detachment from the external world.
derealizacija
This will be the appropriate weblog for really wants to check out this topic. You know much its virtually tricky to argue along with you (not that I personally would want…HaHa). You actually put a new spin using a topic thats been revealed for decades. Wonderful stuff, just wonderful! Disability Scooter
My wife and i got so thrilled that Albert could do his researching via the precious recommendations he had out of your blog. It is now and again perplexing just to always be making a gift of techniques that many the others could have been selling. And we all fully grasp we need the writer to give thanks to for that. All of the explanations you’ve made, the simple blog navigation, the friendships you aid to foster – it’s got everything spectacular, and it’s helping our son in addition to the family know that that subject is satisfying, which is certainly extremely fundamental. Thanks for everything! Moonstone ring
Youre so cool! I dont suppose Ive read anything like this before. So nice to find any individual with some authentic ideas on this subject. realy thanks for beginning this up. this website is something that’s needed on the web, somebody with somewhat originality. helpful job for bringing one thing new to the web! Moissanite Engagement rings
A debt of gratitude is in order for posting this information. I simply need to tell you that I simply look at your site and I discover it exceptionally fascinating and educational. I can hardly wait to peruse bunches of your posts. Broadway樓
Another exceptional publish upon walking a blog! Thanks consequently a good deal to take some time to talk approximately you records as well as data collectively with other bloggers. vaobong sbobet
https://sheetaldubay.com/ Just find it
The H1B Visa salary database stands as a crucial and comprehensive repository of information, H1B Visa salary database shedding light on the compensation trends within the United States’ temporary skilled worker program. This database, often accessed by researchers, policymakers, businesses, and individuals alike, plays a pivotal role in understanding the dynamics of employment-based immigration and the broader landscape of labor economics.
Navigating the intricate world of accounting involves understanding complex financial concepts, principles, and reporting standards. Accounting Assignment Help offers students valuable support by breaking down topics like financial statements, taxation, auditing, and managerial accounting. With expert guidance, students can master the art of accurate financial recording, analysis, and reporting, ensuring they are well-prepared for both academic success and practical application in the business world.
A very awesome blog post. We are really grateful for your blog post. You will find a lot of approaches after visiting your post.2023 JUPEB Expo subscription
I really loved reading your blog. It was very well authored and easy to undertand. Unlike additional blogs I have read which are really not tht good. I also found your posts very interesting. In fact after reading. I had to go show it to my friend and he ejoyed it as well! recovery aftercare
This may be the proper weblog for anybody who would like to be familiar with this topic. You recognize a great deal its practically hard to argue on hand (not too I personally would want…HaHa). You certainly put the latest spin with a topic thats been discussing for several years. Great stuff, just wonderful! daman games
This would be the right weblog if you would like to find out about this topic. You recognize a lot its almost challenging to argue along with you (not too I really would want…HaHa). You certainly put a different spin for a topic thats been discussed for several years. Great stuff, just fantastic! daman games
The the next occasion Someone said a blog, I really hope who’s doesnt disappoint me about this blog. After all, I know it was my choice to read, but I just thought youd have some thing intriguing to talk about. All I hear is really a number of whining about something you could fix in case you werent too busy seeking attention. daman games
Thank you for the update, very nice site.. buy article submission backlinks
An fascinating discussion will probably be worth comment. I think that you ought to write much more about this topic, it will not become a taboo subject but usually everyone is too few to communicate on such topics. Yet another. Cheers moonstone engagement ring
Aw, it was a really good post. In idea I must place in writing similar to this moreover – spending time and actual effort to produce a excellent article… but exactly what can I say… I procrastinate alot and by no indicates seem to go done. Moonstone ring
I think this is a really good article. You make this information interesting and engaging. You give readers a lot to think about and I appreciate that kind of writing. lainey wilson bikini
All your hard work is much appreciated. Nobody can stop to admire you. Lots of appreciation. lainey wilson bathing suit
It does not take very same valuable plus valuable posted and precisely what a lot of people check out a lot of people. a course in miracles app
In the digital age, social media platforms and networking apps offer convenient ways to meet new people. Join groups or forums dedicated to topics you’re passionate about.
thank you for your interesting infomation. seo backlink price
Regards intended for publishing a really beneficial document, When i happened onto your web log in addition to understand some write-up. I’m keen on look associated with publishing… situs slot
There is so much in this article that I would never have thought of on my own. Your content gives readers things to think about in an interesting way. Thank you for your clear information. lainey wilson in a bikini
It was a very good post indeed. I thoroughly enjoyed reading it in my lunch time. Will surely come and visit this blog more often. Thanks for sharing. lainey wilson sexy
Most of the agencies have their own websites where you can find the profiles of the Call Girls in Lahore they have on their books. You can also find the contact details of the agency on their website. The agencies usually have a wide range of escorts to choose from. You can select an escort based on your budget and preferences.If you are looking for an independent escort in Lahore, then you can search for them on the internet. There are many websites that list independent escorts in Lahore. You can contact the escorts directly through their websites.
I love your blog.. very nice colors & theme. Did you create this website yourself or did you hire someone to do it for you? Plz answer back as I’m looking to create my own blog and would like to know where u got this from. thanks เว็บตรงพนันออนไลน์
limo ride to airport It’s a good shame you don’t contain a give money button! I’d definitely give money for this fantastic webpage! That i suppose for the time being i’ll be satisfied bookmarking together with including an individual’s Feed that will my best Msn balance. That i appearance forward that will recent messages and definitely will share the web site utilizing my best Facebook or twitter team: )
black car service Your blog is one of a kind, i love the way you organize the topics.:’-”‘
Have you ever thought about adding a little bit more than just your articles? I mean, what you say is valuable and everything. But think about if you added some great photos or video clips to give your posts more, “pop”! Your content is excellent but with images and video clips, this blog could definitely be one of the most beneficial in its niche. Excellent blog! Miss Gaming GSA SER List
limo ride to airport hey there, your site is cheap. We do thank you for work
mild and make it fundamental. More many people really want to have a look at this and characteristic an expertise of this facet of the story. I cant believe youre now not greater sbobet
Spot on with this write-up, I actually enjoy this internet site desires an extended manner extra thought. I’ll it’s quite probable be all another time to apprehend an extended manner extra, thank you for which statistics. sbobet daily
Awesome…I have learn this article and this is super easily explained. Appreciated. Now I am gonna read your next postplease visit UFABET เว็บพนันออนไลน์เว็บตรง
It’s tough to gather informed folks during this subject matter, and also you seem like wager what happens you’re speaking about! Thanks UFABETเว็บตรงแทงบอล
If you’re searching for trustworthy Immigration lawyers near me , look no further. The team’s dedication to their clients and deep understanding of immigration laws is truly impressive
If you’re searching for trustworthy Immigration lawyers near me, look no further. The team’s dedication to their clients and deep understanding of immigration laws is truly impressive