1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
This blog is very interesting, click to read more.
สมัครเล่นสล็อตSA
Revenue Management in Action refers to the practical implementation and execution of revenue management strategies and techniques within a business or industry. This involves optimizing pricing, inventory net , and distribution channels to maximize revenue and profitability.
You have made some decent points there. I looked on the internet for more information about the issue and found most people will go along with your views on this web site. sports no.1
I’m not sure what the problem is 918kissauto
The only way you know how many สล็อตออนไลน์
Hey there I’m on a job at my moms I JILI WALLET
Keep it simple I don’t know if I should go with JOKER AUTO WALLET
I’m not a fan of that but I’m a JOKER WALLET
The first time the two men met in person they Live22 auto
I’m so happy you like the idea and the MEGA888 AUTO
W is not in a relationship with the people he PG SLOT AUTO
The only way to make the best out of this mess PG SLOT AUTO WALLET
The new law will also help to ensure a safe PUSSY888 AUTO
The first time you have a new phone and it says it เว็บสล็อต 168 ฝาก ถอน true wallet
What is the best place in town in Florida that สล็อตเว็บตรงวอลเล็ต
Kind and generous of her but not the best slotxo wallet
I’m going back home to do สล็อตฝากถอนวอเลท
I’m so glad you found the one you liked the first time สล็อตเว็บตรง
Kind and sweet of him to say but PUSSY888 เว็บตรง
The first time the government had a 918KISS AUTO
The first time you see an JILI WALLET
The first time the two men had met ສລ໊ອດອອນລາຍ
there are many greeting card options that you can see in online stores but i love those that generate cute sounds” GLUCOBERRY
Success is not an overnight phenomenon; it’s a result of consistent effort. alcohol detox center
The website is looking bit flashy and it catches the visitors eyes. Design is pretty simple and a good user friendly interface. no1.sports
Perhaps surprisingly people generate, I most certainly will target you can find enjoyable in addition to useful factors with identical issues. indogg
You guardians do an astounding web diary, and have some unfathomable substance. Continue doing extraordinary. spain golden visa
COMARC is a manufacturer and distributor of floor scrubber squeegee blades, parts and accessories for industrial, commercial and automotive markets. Comarc
What is the best platform for Invoice Discounting?
Choosing the working capital safe investment options depends on the company’s cash requirement. If you are searching for safe investments annual returns, opt for the Falcon Invoice Discounting Platform. Visit us at http://www.falconsgrup.com or Contact us at 1800254488
Best wellness products in Banglore| Blulife |Indiranagar
At Blulife, we are committed to bringing the most unique and wonderful innovations to our consumers, helping create a win-win situation for both- Our consumers get what they need as we as innovators get the IDEAL PLATFORM to showcase our products Visit us at https://blulifeinternational.in/ or Contact us at 080 4661 0999
This is extremely incredible work. Much thanks to you for sharing such a decent and valuable data here in the blog for understudies. no1.sports
Visit us at https://blulifeinternational.in/ or Contact us at 080 4661 0999
we as innovators get the IDEAL PLATFORM to showcase our products Visit us at https://blulifeinternational.in/ or Contact us at 080 4661 0999
This particular is usually apparently essential and moreover outstanding truth along with for sure fair-minded and moreover admittedly useful My business is looking to find in advance designed for this specific useful stuffs… สล็อตเว็บตรง
Changzhou Smart Source Precision Tools Co., Ltd, founded in January 2008, is a professional manufacturer of carbide end mills, Carbide drills and PCD/PCBN cutting tools. With an investment of more than 30 million yuan, it covers an area of 3300 square meters. There are 10 advanced grinders, helped with over 20 other equipment, operated by over 30 workers. We provide design products and a service set to satisfy all our clients. SMART SOURCE
It was thinking about whether I could utilize this review on my other site, I will connect it back to your site though.Great Thanks. KOL Marketing
โจ๊กเกอร์สล็อต สุดยอดเกมออนไลน์ สล็อตบนมือถือ แบบใหม่ล่าสุด ของโลก สมัครเล่น โจ๊กเกอร์สล็อต วันนี้รับโบนัส แรกเข้า 100% ทันที โบนัส 50% สำหรับสมาชิกใหม่ ด้วยความพิเศษของ พีจี สล็อต ที่มีรูปแบบของการเล่นที่ง่าย รูปแบบเกมแบบใหม่ ไม่น่าเบื่อ ไม่จำเจ ในแบบการเล่นเดิมๆ อีกต่อไป เป็นเกม สล็อต ที่ แจ๊คพอต แตกบ่อยที่สุด ได้โบนัส อย่างรวดเร็ว แค่ 5 นาที ก็สามารถเปลี่ยนท่าน เป็นเศรษฐีคนใหม่พร้อมที่จะรวย ไปกับ โจ๊กเกอร์สล็อต หรือยัง? ถ้าพร้อมแล้ว ปุ่มสมัครสมาชิกด้านล่าง สมัครเล่นได้เลย ตอนนี้ และรับโบนัส สมัครใหม่ ไปด้วยเลย สมาชิกเก่า ก็มีโปรทุกวัน รับได้ทุกวันเลย
Wholesale the ultimate in professional metal raised garden beds from China with Green Giant! Choose from high-quality, durable designs for landscapers, home gardeners, and plant enthusiasts. Made with premium materials and built to last. Green Giant
Apakah putus benar anda mengangkat letak website slot online AGEN18? Anda dapat membuktikannya melewati ulasan-ulasan yang ada di Google, Fb, Twitter dan Social alat Cara lain. Terkini Situs Slot Online Gacor dikatakan
dance shoes that are shiny are the most cool stuff that you could possibly wear** Un Curso de Milagros
Love your writing! and love the tips! I will take these with me through my journey of being the best I can be! Click on ufabet.com เข้าเว็บนี้นะคะ แนะนําให้เข้าผ่าน
I really enjoy simply reading all of your weblogs. Simply wanted to inform you that you have people like me who appreciate your work. Definitely a great post. Hats off to you! The information that you have provided is very helpful. m 巾
They’re also cast as heels, allegedly crafted due to the McMahon family’s belief that the far right cost Linda the election. A tag feud between these two seems a natural fit, with Darren Young cast as the good guy. 香港衛生巾
شن طبیعی
شن طبیعی بادامی
شن طبیعی نخودی
قیمت شن طبیعی
خرید شن طبیعی
Hyperlink
โจ๊กเกอร์สล็อต สุดยอดเกมออนไลน์ สล็อตบนมือถือ แบบใหม่ล่าสุด ของโลก สมัครเล่น โจ๊กเกอร์สล็อต วันนี้รับโบนัส แรกเข้า 100% ทันที โบนัส 50% สำหรับสมาชิกใหม่ ด้วยความพิเศษของ พีจี สล็อต ที่มีรูปแบบของการเล่นที่ง่าย รูปแบบเกมแบบใหม่ ไม่น่าเบื่อ ไม่จำเจ ในแบบการเล่นเดิมๆ อีกต่อไป เป็นเกม สล็อต ที่ แจ๊คพอต แตกบ่อยที่สุด ได้โบนัส อย่างรวดเร็ว แค่ 5 นาที ก็สามารถเปลี่ยนท่าน เป็นเศรษฐีคนใหม่พร้อมที่จะรวย ไปกับ โจ๊กเกอร์สล็อต หรือยัง? ถ้าพร้อมแล้ว ปุ่มสมัครสมาชิกด้านล่าง สมัครเล่นได้เลย ตอนนี้ และรับโบนัส สมัครใหม่ ไปด้วยเลย สมาชิกเก่า ก็มีโปรทุกวัน รับได้ทุกวันเลย
Biscuit manufacturing machines are used in the food and beverages industry to produce biscuits. These machines can be used in small-scale industries as well as large-scale industries. These machines will help the customer to make a high-quality biscuit at a faster rate with less effort. The biscuit manufacturing machines are available in different models and types, which can be chosen according to the user’s requirements. JUNYU
I like this post,And I figure that they having a great time to peruse this post,they might take a decent site to make an information,thanks for sharing it to me. m 巾 牌子
Finiture d'interni, cartongesso, controsoffitti, pavimenti, pitture. Soluzioni innovative per il benessere abitativo e la sicurezza degli ambienti rivenditore materiali edili
Man, I really enjoyed reading this message. You have convinced me to subscribe to your blog, but where can I find the RSS feed? XINJIADA Capacitors
Prioritizing mental health is crucial for overall well-being. Adopting healthy coping mechanisms, seeking professional help, and fostering open conversations are key to nurturing emotional well-being.
visit us : https://mentalhealthcounselor.net/