1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
These you will then see the most important thing, the application provides you a website a powerful important internet page: buy carisprodol tablets online in uk
“It’s awesome designed for me to have a web page, which is valuable for my experience.
thanks admin” ผื่นภูมิแพ้ผิวหนัง
“Really enjoyed this blog article.Much thanks again. Cool.
” สล็อต pgslot
“Well I sincerely enjoyed studying it. This tip procured by you is very useful for good planning.
” สมัคร slotxo โบนัส 100
“Hi there colleagues, its fantastic piece of writing
concerning tutoringand fully defined, keep it up all the time.”
A debt of gratitude is in order for imparting such valuable data to us. Expectation everybody is gets profited.
i like this blog very much its a ratting nice situation to สล็อต
Hello I am so delighted I located your blog, I really located you by mistake, while I was watching on google for something else, Anyways I am here now and could just like to say thank for a tremendous post and a all round entertaining website. Please do keep up the great work. carpet cleaning Dallas
“Every weekend i used to visit this web page, because i want enjoyment,
for the reason that this this web site conations really nice funny material too.” บาคาร่าออนไลน์
Thank you so much for sharing this great blog.Very inspiring and helpful too.Hope you continue to share more of your ideas.I will definitely love to read. Real estate agency in Duluth
I have to thank you for the efforts you have put in penning this blog. I really hope to view the same high-grade content by you in the future as well. In fact, your creative writing abilities has inspired me to get my very own blog now ผลบอลสด
This is a great article thanks for sharing this informative information. I will visit your blog regularly for some latest post. I will visit your blog regularly for Some latest post. Comprare Viagra Generico
I have a hard time describing my thoughts on content, but I really felt I should here. Your article is really great. I like the way you wrote this information Landlord Inspection Cleaning Services UK
I wish more authors of this type of content would take the time you did to research and write so well. I am very impressed with your vision and insight. sa gaming
I recently came across your article and have been reading along. I want to express my admiration of your writing skill and ability to make readers read from the beginning to the end. I would like to read newer posts and to share my thoughts with you. Real estate agency in Duluth, GA
Your article looks really adorable, here’s a site link i dropped for you which you may like. 먹튀
I invite you to the page where you can read with interesting information on similar topics. 먹튀
I think about it is most required for making more on this get engaged Real estate agency in Duluth, GA
I just found this blog and have high hopes for it to continue. Keep up the great work, its hard to find good ones. I have added to my favorites. Thank You. iPhone Xs Price
I precisely needed to thank you so much yet again. I do not know the things I would’ve taken care of without these secrets contributed by you regarding this problem. It seemed to be a very frightful crisis for me, but encountering a new well-written tactic you processed it forced me to jump with contentment. Now i am happier for the work and hope you are aware of an amazing job you happen to be getting into educating people through your web blog. Probably you haven’t come across any of us. browse this site
Wonderful post! This post has uncovered hidden treasures on blog commenting.
I feel a lot more people need to read this, very good info
Very useful information shared in this article, nicely written! I will be reading your articles and using the informative tips. Looking forward to read such knowledgeable articles
acupuncture fremont
Love to read it,Waiting For More new Update and I Already Read your Recent Post its Great Thanks. 토토사이트
Ramin Fallah was labeled a security threat because he had worked at an Iranian import firm that was ‘of WMD (weapons of mass destruction) concern’.
https://facenama.com/post/32203n2883
You undoubtedly ensure it is look simple along with your business presentation however i come across this kind of topic being truly an issue that I think I might never recognize. It appears also complex and extremely wide personally. I will be impatient for your next article, I am going to try to get the hang of it! this contact form
thanks this is good blog. 먹튀검증
Thanks for this post, I am a big fan of this website would like to go on updated. More about the author
Jeongsu-bin, who was sprinting after sending a ground ball from the second baseman at the first base in the fifth inning, 0-1 in the 5th inning at the Jamsil Stadium in Seoul, was forced out and complained of pain only to the side after being forced out. .Doosan coach Kim Tae-hyung subtracted Su-Bin Su and put in 먹튀폴리스
the team when defending at the end of the 5th inning.
Sue-bin said that on the 17th, a close-up examination was found, and damage to my oblique muscle was found. It is an injury that requires a break for more than 10 days 토토사이트
the team when defending at the end of the 5th inning.
Sue-bin said that on the 17th, a close-up examination was found, and damage to my oblique muscle was found. It is an injury that requires a break for more than 10 days 토토사이트
I have read your blog it is very helpful for me. I want to say thanks to you. I have bookmark your site for future updates.
แทงหวยออนไลน์
This article was written by a real thinking writer without a doubt. I agree many of the with the solid points made by the writer. I’ll be back day in and day for further new updates. Balloon Garland
I couldn’t resist commenting on this article. Wonderful post! 토토사이트
Thanks , I’ve recently been searching for information about this topic for a
while and yours is the greatest I have found out till now.
But, what concerning the bottom line? Are you sure about the source? 경마
Bursa diş hastanesi olarak diş beyazlatma, ortodonti, ağız ve diş cerrahisi gibi birçok alanda profesyonel hizmetler sunmaktayız. Ortodonti ve diş hekim uzmanlarımızla tanışmanın tam zamanı.Bursa Diş
Bodrum transfers, profesyonel araç kiralama işlemlerinin yapıldığı ve uygun maliyetler karşılığında transfer hizmetlerinin sunulduğu bir şirkettir. Hemen transfer hizmetlerinden yararlanmak için tıklayınız.Bodrum Transfers
Crypto & Bitcoin Trader Reviews – Bitcoin, Crypto and CFD/ForEx Broker App Reviews – Bitcoin, Crypto and CFD/ForEx Broker App Reviews
bitcoin circuit
Εσωτερικές πόρτες
Στην Sabadoor δημιουργούμε θωρακισμένες πόρτες ασφαλείας και εσωτερικές πόρτες με γνώμονα την ποιότητα και την ασφάλεια σε συνδυασμό με την καλαισθησία και την αντοχή στο χρόνο. Αυτό που ξεχωρίζει τις πόρτες και όλα τα προϊόντα της Sabadoor από την υπόλοιπη αγορά, είναι η συνεχής βελτίωση μέσα στην πολυετή παρουσία μας στο χώρο – τόσο στον τομέα της εξυπηρέτησης όσο και στον τομέα τις εξέλιξης και της καινοτομίας.
Cell phone spy software is a useful tool, but which phone monitoring app is best? Read our expert reviews to learn about the five best phone spyware apps that can show you a device’s location, call data, texts, and more.
https://bestcellphonespyapps.com/spy-apps-on-iphone-best-apps-for-tracking-phones/
Esoterikes portes
Το δίκτυο συνεργατών της Sabadoor αποτελείται από έμπειρους επαγγελματίες στην διανομή και την τοποθέτηση της πόρτας. Είναι αποτέλεσμα μιας αμφίδρομης σχέσης που βασίζεται στην εμπιστοσύνη αλλά και στην προσπάθεια δεκαετιών. Μάθετε περισσότερα σχετικά με το δίκτυο του εσωτερικού αλλά και του εξωτερικού στην αντίστοιχη ενότητα.
ace2three plus 4.1 7
It is not enough to pioneer any product at all if you will not serve it at its best to customers, whether online or offline. As far as online rummy is concerned in India, Ace2three Rummy is a pioneer in the sphere. This is evident in the number of customers available on the Ace2three database.
Many thanks for the article, I have a lot of spray lining knowledge but always learn something new. Keep up the good work and thank you again. 토토사이트
I’m writing on this topic these days, , but I have stopped writing because there is no reference material. Then I accidentally found your article. I can refer to a variety of materials, so I think the work I was preparing will work! Thank you for your efforts. 토토사이트
You completely match our expectation and the variety of our information slotxo
“I like it when folks come together and share thoughts.
Great website, stick with it!” ทางเข้าlive22
“Thanks a bunch for sharing this with all of us you really know what you are speaking approximately!
Bookmarked. ” สล็อต
Thanks for sharing this information. I really like your blog post very much. You have really shared a informative and interesting blog post บริการ SEO
It’s really great. Thank you for providing a quality article. There is something you might be interested in. Do you know 사설토토사이트 ?
I read your blog frequently and I just thought I’d say keep up the amazing work! Visit my blog
همچنین میتوانید برای خرید قرصهای چاقی صورت به فروشگاه آنلاین پاک تن طب وارد شده و قرص چاقی صورت اونیکس را خریداری نمایید. شرکت اونیکس دارای محصولی به نام قرص چاقی بدن اونیکس نیز می باشد که برای افزایش وزن عمومی در تمامی نواحی بدن کاربرد دارد.
https://paktanteb.com/product/onix-fill-out-on-face/
I like what you’ve written here,and I’ll share this with my friends now.
They are currently working on the dark web links,
but I am sure that once I share this article with them,they’ll leave this immediately.