1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
I appreciate several from the Information which has been composed, and especially the remarks posted I will visit once more. https://loginnex777.net/
Wow, this is really interesting reading. I am glad I found this and got to read it. Great job on this content. I like it. cutting board
My partner and i astonished with all the examination an individual built to get this distinct distribute extraordinary. Great action! Animesaturn
Simply unadulterated exemplary stuff from you here. I have never observed such a splendidly composed article in quite a while. I am appreciative to you that you created this! sip777
We are genuinely appreciative for your blog section. You will find a lot of strategies in the wake of setting off to your post. I was exactly checking for. An obligation of appreciation is all together for such post and please keep it up. https://loginnex777.net/
the potential for the abrasive particles to cause health problems for workers.Anotheoncer potential While aluminum oxide is non-toxic, the particles can be dangerous if inhaled. For this reason, it is important to take appropriate safety measures when performing aluminum oxide grit blasting, including wearing protective clothing and respiratory equipment.
https://shotsblastingmachine.com/aluminum-oxide-grit-blasting-media/
the potential for the abrasive particles to cause health problems for workers.Anotheoncer potential While aluminum oxide is non-toxic, the particles can be dangerous if inhaled. For this reason, it is important to take appropriate safety measures when performing aluminum oxide grit blasting, including wearing protective clothing and respiratory equipment.
Hello I am Muzeeke, a professional who is driven by achieving results and highly motivated. I have a verified history of success and I am constantly in search of new challenges and opportunities to enhance my skills and knowledge…
luxury dream home builds Some truly wonderful work on behalf of the owner of this internet site , perfectly great articles .
Its an incredible joy perusing your post.Its brimming with data I am searching for and I want to post a remark that “The substance of your post is marvelous” Great work. sink accessories
We are truly thankful for your blog entry. You will discover a great deal of methodologies in the wake of going to your post. I was precisely scanning for. A debt of gratitude is in order for such post and please keep it up. acacia wood cutting board
Thank you for some other informative blog. Where else could I get that type of information written in such an ideal means? I have a mission that I’m just now working on, and I have been at the look out for such information. bathroom remodeling Delta
bella is giving body spa near me is the proper relaxation and creating a comforting with high quality massage, so come and enjoy.
White Board Animation company surrey
This content is written very well. Your use of formatting when making your points makes your observations very clear and easy to understand. Thank you.
Our mission is to be the energy ally that our customers expect us to be. We are equipped to discover the possibilities of energy conservation and new …
https://alectraelectrical.ca/
Bathroom showrooms in West Vancouver
At GR Marine Bath gallery Ltd. We promise to provide you the best service experience in our Industry. We carry a wide range of Luxury Bath, Kitchen, Faucets, Sinks, Tubs and lighting fixtures. Which includes the top rated brands of the world.
Incredible occupation for distributing such a valuable site. Your web log isn’t just helpful yet it is also extremely inventive as well. There will in general be relatively few individuals who can absolutely compose not all that straightforward posts that masterfully. Proceed with the pleasant composition https://loginnex777.net/
Spicy dum biryani is the popular dish from hyderabad, biryani, roti, chapathi, phulka roti and indian curries are the best food indian foods delivered in the manchester. Thumps up and Biryani is the top biryani combination for indian taste roti manchester
Janji88 adalah situs judi online sbobet terbaik dan berlisensi. kami selalu berkomitmen untuk menjaga kenyamanan dan privacy semua member. nikmati kemudahan dan kecepatan bertransaksi di Janji88,kami juga menyediakan pilihan metode pembayaran yang lengkap seperti transfer bank,pulsa dan e wallet.
I truly love this post I will visit again to peruse your post in an exceptionally brief time and I trust you will make more posts this way. https://loginsip777.net/
Amazingly accommodating post. This is my first time i visit here. I found such an extensive number of captivating stuff in your blog especially its trade. Genuinely its unprecedented article. Keep it up. vegetable dryer spinner
While i acquired on your web log however adding awareness just a bit touch submits. Nice technique for potential, We are book-marking during a period find versions conclude spgs way up. How To Shoot In PUBG
Deposit 10 get 100 make balance 500 withdraw 326 taken advantage of a “deposit 10, get 100” promotion at an online casino or sportsbook, you may be wondering how to turn that bonus into real money. With smart play and careful bankroll management, it’s possible to grow your balance to 500 or more and withdraw 301 or more. Here’s how to do it.
Deposit 10 get 100 make balance 500 withdraw 326 taken advantage of a “deposit 10, get 100” promotion at an online casino or sportsbook, you may be wondering how to turn that bonus into real money. With smart play and careful bankroll management, it’s possible to grow your balance to 500 or more and withdraw 301 or more. Here’s how to do it.
Really this information very help me thanks guys! this are great Information, Please check this out! judi online
Really this information very help me thanks guys! this are great Information, Please check this out! Market Pulsa
The Chanel shoulder pochette pack is made of unadulterated cowhide with a rear fix pocket. happiness quotes
This particular is usually apparently essential and moreover outstanding truth along with for sure fair-minded and moreover admittedly useful My business is looking to find in advance designed for this specific useful stuffs… สมัคร UFABET รับเครดิตฟรี
artikelnya sangat memuaskan sekali… artikelnya sangat mudah untuk di pahami Penerjemah Tersumpah
artikelnya ini memberikan segala informasi yang bagus dan bermanfaat sekali toefl itp online
hotmail.com Good hotmail.com
saya mengucapkan selamat malam wishnya semoga yang terbaik dan kebaikan selalu memihak aamiin jasa basmi rayap jakarta barat
Remarkable article, it is particularly useful! I quietly began in this, and I’m becoming more acquainted with it better! Delights, keep doing more and extra impressive! แทงบอล
Deneme bonuslar tüm kullanıcılar açısından çok önemlidir. Türkiye’de internet üzerinden hizmet veren bahis sitesi sayısı bir hayli fazladır. Dolayısıyla kullanıcılar bahis sitelerinin arasındaki farkı anlayarak seçimlerini yapmak isterler. Bedava bonus veren siteler ise kendilerini daha fazla yakından tanımak isteyen oyunculara bu imkanı sağlarken onlarında kazançlı çıkmalarını hedeflerler. Deneme bonusu veren siteler 2023 listesini sitemizde görebilirsiniz. Dolayısıyla bu siteler arasından seçiminizi yaparak istediğiniz herhangi bir oyuna geçiş yapabilirsiniz.
Site : https://eccetasarim.com/
Bonuslar bahis siteleri için çok önemlidir. Çünkü bahis oyuncuları en yüksek hangi bahis firması bonus veriyorsa onu tercih ediyor. Özellikle deneme bonusu veren siteler bu bonuslar sayesinde daha fazla bahis oyuncusu kazanma imkanı yakalamış oluyor. Bahis sitelerinin adını daha fazla duyurabilmesi için bahis oyunculara bedava promosyon verdiğini biliyoruz.
Adres : https://eccetasarim.com/
Skid Safe Floor Coat
If you are looking for more information about flat rate locksmith Las Vegas check that right away. Situs Slot Server Thailand
I wanted to thank you for this excellent read!! I definitely loved every little bit of it. I have you bookmarked your site to check out the new stuff you post. Physion message gun
Why do only so much written on this subject? Here you see more. roro 4d
The color of your blog is quite great. i would love to have those colors too on my blog.”;:-` UK FAKE DRIVERS LICENSE
When it comes to finding an electrician in Exeter, it’s important to choose a qualified and experienced professional who can handle any electrical issue that may arise. Taylor Made Solutions Devon is a company that provides top-quality Electrician Exeter services in the Exeter area, and they make it their top priority to ensure customer satisfaction.
Very interesting details you have mentioned , thankyou for posting . 출장안마
Excellent website! I adore how it is easy on my eyes it is. I am questioning how I might be notified whenever a new post has been made. Looking for more new updates. Have a great day! vigilante de seguridad jerez
I have checked this link this is really important for the people to get benefit from. escort VIP Paris
Decoradora de interiores con más de 9 años de experiencia.
estoy encantada con este blog; https://multporn.xxx/category/hentai-comics/
Soy nueva por este sitio y me he sorprendido de la variedad de comentarios y lo que se puede aprender desde ellos, es de gran valor la participación.
el blog es muy bueno;https://milftoon.xxx/comics/dragon-ball-z-hentai-the-birthday-boy/issue-1/
I’m impressed, I must say. Actually rarely must i encounter a weblog that’s both educative and entertaining, and let me tell you, you may have hit the nail for the head. Your notion is outstanding; the pain is something that not enough individuals are speaking intelligently about. My business is happy we found this at my seek out something regarding this. IKARIA LEAN BELLY JUICE
Lyrics
Doar-Versuri
I think that thanks for the valuabe information and insights you have so provided here. 홀덤 사이트
GLUCOTRUST BLOOD SUGAR GLUCOTRUST- Glucotrust Reviews ⚠️ ((BEWARE!!)) ⚠️ Glucotrust Blood Sugar Supplement – Gluco Trust