1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
Nice post! This is a very nice blog that I will definitively come back to more times this year! Thanks for informative post.—ayurvedic pcd company
Your work here on this blog has been top notch from day 1. You’ve been continously providing amazing articles for us all to read and I just hope that you keep it going on in the future as well. Cheers! 코인카지노
By helping you increase the number of calls generated by your website and advertise businesses in various cities and nations among the target audience, our SEO Expert offers the Top SEO services in Lucknow for both on-page and off-page optimization.
The technique of improving a website’s visibility on search engine results pages (SERPs) for unpaid and paid queries in order to attract web crawlers is known as SEO. It typically starts with an analysis of a website’s metrics to determine its target audience and certain keywords. The website will be positioned as an important resource for this target demographic with the help of a well-executed SEO strategy and the right timing for releasing high-value content.
https://360digitech.in/best-seo-company-lucknow/
Lip filler Chattanooga
Wrinkle treatment Chattanooga
Micro blading Chattanooga
University Of Technology is one of the Leading university of India – approved by Government , UGC , Bar Council Of India , RCI , Pharmacy Council of India and AICTE. It is Listed in top 25 University of India
Very Beautiful Content I Ever See!!! situs slot deposit dana
In this particular article, you will see a summary, satisfy browse this post.
There is so much in this article that I would never have thought of on my own. Your content gives readers things to think about in an interesting way.
exipure
Hmm… I interpret blogs on a analogous issue, however i never visited your blog. I added it to populars also i’ll be your faithful primer. click for more info
You will be warmly welcomed by our professional guide before starting your Morocco tour from Casablanca. The guide will provide you with a tour review. Morocco tour
Howdy just wanted to give you a quick heads up and let you know a few of the pictures aren’t loading properly. I’m not sure why but I think its a linking issue. I’ve tried it in two different internet browsers and both show the same results. 플레이포커 머니상
Pretty good post. I just stumbled upon your blog and wanted to say that I have really enjoyed reading your blog posts. Any way I’ll be subscribing to your feed and I hope you post again soon. Big thanks for the useful info. Los Angeles Business Litigation Attorney
I am very happy to say that this is an interesting post for reading. ข่าวฟุตบอลออนไลน์
ทางเข้าpg เกมใหม่แห่งปี ฝากถอนเงิน เล่นได้ดั่งใจ ทำกำไรได้ไม่มีสะดุด บริการเล่นได้ในระดับพรีเมี่ยม
Moroccan Desert trips is welcoming everyone who wants to go through a new adventurous experience trip in Morocco. Plan your New Year 2023. Moroccan Desert trips
Incredible tips and straightforward. This will be exceptionally helpful for me when I get an opportunity to begin my blog. Prepagos colegialas Bogota,
The most popular traditional Moroccan Sweets is Mulhalbia. Moroccan Desert trips
I am a new user of this site so here i saw multiple articles and posts posted by this site,I curious more interest in some of them hope you will give more information on this topics in your next articles. https://kindycoder.com
El tabaco Rapé es una medicina sagrada, que se da despues de una serie de procesos que conforman una alquimia maravillosa” rapé beneficios salud
The Pirate Bay has been blocked in many countries, including the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia. Pirate Bay Proxy Pirate Bay Proxy
It is perfect time to make some plans for the future and it is time to be happy. I’ve read this post and if I could I desire to suggest you some interesting things or suggestions. Perhaps you could write next articles referring to this article. I want to read more things about it! https://kindycoder.com
I was looking at some of your posts on this website and I conceive this web site is really instructive! Keep putting up.. Toko Kemasan Plastik Denpasar Online
exipure
I was looking at some of your posts on this website and I conceive this web site is really instructive! Keep putting up.. Pekerja.com
Most of the time I don’t make comments on websites, but I’d like to say that this article really forced me to do so. Really nice post! foolish concubine reborn as miracle doctor
managed it services provider west palm beach
Most of the time I don’t mak but I’d like to say that this article really forced me to do so. Really nice post! foolish concubine reborn as miracle doctor
Your texts on this subject are correct, see how I wrote this site is really very good.
Acknowledges for penmanship such a worthy column, I stumbled beside your blog besides predict a handful advise. I want your tone of manuscript… 링크찾기
I admit, I have not been on this web page in a long time… however it was another joy to see It is such an important topic and ignored by so many, even professionals. I thank you to help making people more aware of possible issues flower delivery in Hollywood FL
เว็บพนันออนไลน์ ที่ได้ลิขสิทธ์อย่างถูกต้อง stmichaels-school เว็บตรงไม่ผ่านเอเย่นต์ มั่นคง ปลอดภัย 100% สมัคร ฝากถอนระบบออโต้ รวดเร็วฉับไว ฝากถอนไม่มีขั้นต่ำ ตลอด 24 ชั่วโมง
Now publish your Different Category Content On (Cabinnew). Here the Best opportunity to Promote your Content.
https://cabinnew.com
exipure
I thought it would be much better to see professional photos and videos together. There are articles and photos on these topics on my homepage, so please visit and share your opinions. Startup Development
فني غسالات أفضل شركة بالكويت تصليح غسالات اتوماتيك وفني غسالات اتوماتيك وصيانه غسالات وتصليح نشافات خدمات منازل جميع مناطق الكويت نحن نقدم أفضل خدمات إصلاح الغسالات الأوتوماتيكية عالية الجودة We providing the best quality services for automatic washer repair, automatic and regular washing machine technician, washing machine maintenance and dryer repair, home services all areas of Kuwait
exipure
HOT GAME HIT GAME
DEMONG HUNTER
From some point on, I am preparing to build my site while browsing various sites. It is now somewhat completed. If you are interested, please come to play with bitcoincasino !!
sd
I used to be surfing Web and The good news is came across this site and found incredibly interesting stuff below. Its actually enjoyment to go through. I enjoyed a great deal. Thanks for sharing this amazing information.สล็อตเว็บใหญ่
Nice blog. I finally found great post here Very interesting to read this article and very pleased to find this site. Great work!
it cyber security course
You’ve received some attention-grabbing points in the following paragraphs. I’d have never regarded as any of these if I didn’t run into this. Thanks!.สล็อตเว็บใหญ่
First of all, thank you for your post. totosite Your posts are neatly organized with the information I want, so there are plenty of resources to reference. I bookmark this site and will find your posts frequently in the future. Thanks again ^^
slot pulsa
slot deposit pulsa tanpa potongan
slot via pulsa
slot gacor
judi slot deposit pulsa