1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
I am perpetually thought about this, appreciate it for putting up. Wyoming leather jackets
It is truly a well-researched content and excellent wording. I got so engaged in this material that I couldn’t wait reading. I am impressed with your work and skill. Thanks. 4D Slot
Thank you very much.
viralscroll.com
This is my first visit on your blog, I have read all your article, I enjoyed much and hope to come again with new article Thanks
This is my first visit on your blog, I have read all your article, I enjoyed much and hope to come again with new article Thanks
Funny Good Morning Messages for Friends
Thank you very much for this useful article. I like it.
Thank you very much for the sharing.
Good Night love messages for sweetheart
https://huayclub.co/ เราเชื่อว่าท่านใช้เวลาไม่นานก็สามารถเป็นเซียนหวยออนไลน์ได้แล้ว หากการขายหวยเป็นรายได้เสริมของท่าน ท่านสามารถนำเว็บเป็นที่ลงเลขสำหรับลูกค้าของท่านได้เลย
Funny Good Night Wishes For Friends
Really great post. I enjoy reading this article. There is such a true article there is more information for us.
I recognize there’s lots of spam on this website. Do you need help cleansing them up? I may help among courses! blog comments
Are you looking for cute Valentine’s day nails that you can recreate yourself? If so, you’ll love these beautiful Valentine’s nail ideas!
To knwo more visit https://www.beautycaresinfo.com/valentines-nails-designs-art-ideas/
شكرا لك عمل مميز جدا
تقناوى
https://tecknawy.com
Thanks for your insight for the great posting. I am glad I have taken the time to see this. guest post
septifixSeptifix is an innovative solution to solve all your septic tank problems forever. Throwing these tablets of Septifix into the tank, you decrease odors in three to five days.
You have done a amazing job with you website infinix hot 9 price in pakistan
Hello I am so delighted I located your blog, I really located you by mistake, while I was watching on google for something else, Anyways I am here now and could just like to say thank for a tremendous post and a all round entertaining website. Please do keep up the great work. nokia 3310 price in pakistan
pragmatic play, the hottest slot game company in Asia
pragmatic playแตกง่าย
Thank you so much for sharing this great blog.Very inspiring and helpful too.Hope you continue to share more of your ideas.I will definitely love to read. granite worktop repair
it out for us to read again, thank you in advance. คาสิโนคลิปโต
I am surely having fun with your website. You absolutely have some wonderful insight and good stories.
Thanks for the great blog. It was quite helpful for me. I am content I discovered this blog site. Thanks for sharing with us,I as well always understand a thing new out of your publish.สล็อตเว็บใหญ่
Muurisolatie onze mogelijkheden? Spouwmuurisolatie is de meest gebruikte vorm van muurisolatie, heeft een hoog rendement, is relatief eenvoudig aan te brengen en u kunt gewoon in uw woning blijven tijdens het aanbrengen. Unique Domain
مساواة هي مجموعه مهنيه قانونيه تعمل تحت مظلة قطاع المحاماة و الأعمال القانونية و الاستشارية تأسست لتتميز بضم اكبر تجمع مهني في دولة الكويت مركز مساواة الاعلامي
Classified as a form of micro-mobility, they are generally designed with a large center deck on which the rider stands. Electric Scooter
Wat zijn de voordelen van spouwmuurisolatie met parels? EPS parels zijn speciaal ontwikkeld voor spouwmuurisolatie, EPS parels zijn waterafstotend, waardoor de kans op vochtproblemen aanzienlijk wordt teruggedrongen. Door het grafiet in de parels heeft EPS een hogere isolatiewaarde dan andere isolatieparels. EPS parels worden lijm gebonden aangebracht zodat zijn niet kunnen verzakken! Blog comment
เว็บสล็อตมาใหม่มาแรง ada-bojana แค่คลิกเปลี่ยนชีวิตคุณได้ในข้ามคืนเเน่นอน มาสร้างกำไรจากการเล่นเกมสล็อตสุดสนุกกัน ปลุกความเป็นเศรษฐีใหม่ ให้ตื่นขึ้นมาได้ทุกช่วงเวลา
visisharp
Photos available on your site even though producing attention rapidly some quantity submits. บาคาร่าสูตรทำเงิน
VyprVPN 4.5.4 Crack can keep your personality peculiar while examining the web, it is constantly free from even a spot of damage to ensure that your data is. It uses military-grade encryption to get your data and licenses you to get to websites.
https://freepromac.com/vyprvpn-crack-full-download/
KerassentialsKerassentials is an intelligent natural product for treating nail and skin fungi. I call it smart because it is made with special oils that fight the most resistant fungi and support healthy skin and nails definitely.
Of course, your article is good enough, baccarat online but I thought it would be much better to see professional photos and videos together. There are articles and photos on these topics on my homepage, so please visit and share your opinions.
Really insightful write-up! There exists a whole lot of data right here that will help any small business begin with A prosperous social networking campaign.สล็อตเว็บใหญ่
Of course, your article is good enough, majorsite but I thought it would be much better to see professional photos and videos together. There are articles and photos on these topics on my homepage, so please visit and share your opinions.
HOT GAME HIT GAME
SAGA CUBE
For a men’s formal outfit, you definitely need to choose a quality leather belt and combine it with the right shoes and other accessories. Cargo fits belt australia
.Genuine leather belt australia
. Leave us a comment below and let us know what’s your favorite way to save while you shop.the Men Leather Cargo belt Australia
for those shopping.
I discovered your blog site on bing and check a few of your early posts. Always keep up the excellent operate. I just now additional your Feed to my MSN News Reader. Seeking toward reading much more on your part at a later time!… Pi Fansub
Pretty nice post. I just stumbled upon your weblog and wanted to say that I’ve truly enjoyed surfing around your blog posts. In any case I’ll be subscribing to your rss feed and I hope you write again soon. gemtvserial
เล่น SLOT PG กับ คาสิโนออนไลน์ รวมเกมจากค่าย พีจีสล็อต เว็บชมพูเล่นได้เงินจริง
Oh my goodness! an remarkable article dude. Thank you Nevertheless I am experiencing issue with ur rss . Do not know why Unable to subscribe to it. Is there anybody obtaining identical rss challenge? Any individual who knows kindly respond. Thnkx sites para comprar seguidores
You make so many great points here that I read your article a couple of times. Your views are in accordance with my own for the most part. This is great content for your readers.
hairtec straightener
While choosing right packers and movers for moving house from one place to another is a very difficult task; you have to face many unwanted and tedious issues. There are many things that have to be done while shifting home, like goods packing, moving, loading etc. Packers and Movers Hyderabad to Chennai
Hi, I find reading this article a joy. It is extremely helpful and interesting and very much looking forward to reading more of your work.. koinslot168
You need to use packaging companies regarding packers and also movers of your town. It will be a wise course of action make use of specialized packaging pertaining to quick and simple go. Additionally, you will keep your some time using specialized packaging support of one regarding excellent moving firms of your town. Packers and Movers Gurugram to Lucknow
best travel credit card australia 2023
infoadsgoogle is website about best travel credit card australia 2023, nab credit card travel insurance 2023, and Auto Insurance For Self-Driving.
Two full thumbs up for this magneficent article of yours. I’ve really enjoyed reading this article today and I think this might be one of the best article that I’ve read yet. Please, keep this work going on in the same quality. Tour to Istanbul
เมก้าเกมสล็อต สายแจก กดเลยที่ MEGAGAME SLOT กดสมัครสมาชิกวันนี้ สามารถรับโปรโมชั่น เครดิตฟรี ได้เลยอีกด้วย
Thanks a lot for the article post. Really thank you! Fantastic.
Feel free to visit my new site
สล็อตแตกง่าย pg ล่าสุด
สล็อตแตกง่าย pg ล่าสุด
Will you care and attention essentially write-up most of the following in my webpage in essence your website mention of this blog? pistol slot
I saw your article well. You seem to enjoy casinosite for some reason. We can help you enjoy more fun. Welcome anytime 🙂