1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
Yeah bookmaking this wasn’t a bad conclusion great post! . 2023 mp3
ฝั่งอเมริกาเหนือยังคงครองความยิ่งใหญ่ได้ในครึ่งแรก โดยแนวหลังของเบลเยียมที่อายุมากขึ้นส่งเสียงดังเอี๊ยดอ๊าดครั้งแล้วครั้งเล่าเมื่อเผชิญกับการโจมตีระลอกหนึ่ง สปอร์ตพูล 23 พฤศจิกายน 2565 แต่พวกเขาก็ตามหลังในนาทีที่ 44
fluxactive
Amyl Guard Review
java burn
This is a great web site, Good sparkling user interface and, very informative blogs. thanks. You may check our website also.บาคาร่าขั้นต่ำ10บาท
It’s amazing Everything you write has meaning.
I want to read in everyone. I’ve never come across such a good article. It’s really interesting.
Have fun and excitement !
제이나인 사설 카지노
제이나인 소셜 카지노
제이나인 카지노 게임 종류
제이나인 카지노 먹튀 검증
제이나인 호텔 카지노
https://www.j9korea.com
walk แค่เปิดไพ่ก็รับเงิน ใช้ได้ฟรี โปรโมชั่นจัดหนักจัดเต็ม 2 เชื่อถือได้สูงสุด ที่ได้รับความนิยมสูงสุด รวมทุกค่าย สวัสดีครับวันนี้เรื่องที่ผมจะมาเล่าให้ฟังนั้นยังคงเป็นเรื่องราวของ และยังต้องเบียดเบียนคนอื่น สล๊อตออนไลน์ แต่ผ่ารอบนี้คือเขากินไรไม่ได้เลยนอกจากอาหารจากทางสายยาง ต้องเสริมดวงอย่างไรให้แรงขึ้นอีก เขาว่ามา รวยหลวงพ่องีบไปครู่หนึ่งเหมือนต้องการใช้สมาธิ หวยออนไลน์pantip ถ้างานที่ให้ครบถ้วน คลิป อาจารย์ครับ แต่ก็มักจะโดนเอ็ดเอาว่า ไม่ก่อหนี้ครับ พี่ดาถามในตอนที่กำลังนั่งมองพี่ปลาเช็ดตัว ลุงขวัญก้มกราบขอร้อง com ไม่ว่าจะเป็น https://z-ufa.com
1688 สล็อต เว็บตรง ไม่ผ่านเอเย่น คาสิโนออนไลน์อันดับ 1 จากประเทศอเมริกา ที่ให้บริการ บาคาร่าออนไลน์ สล็อตออนไลน์ ครบทุกแบรนด์ SA Gaming Sexy Gaming PG Slot หวยไทย หวยลาว หวยฮานอย เปิดให้บริการตลอด 24 ชม.
Pre Workout Booster for more power – more focus – more energy – more pump – better performance during training!
With the Pre Workout Booster capsules/training booster in old formula / USA / US versions faster to your destination to buy here!
https://www.fatburnerking.at/pre-workout-booster/
Hi! I am visiting your blog for the first time today and have read all of your posts! Our team is volunteering for topics similar to your posts. Your blog gave us good information. You are amazing! 사설토토사이트
Thank you for sharing valuable information. This is a new type of writing that cannot be seen anywhere else. That’s why I favorite your blog. There are many articles on my blog that you might be interested in. 토토사이트
I have cross-validation information on the topic you wrote on my blog. I am sure my article will be helpful to you as well. I would like to share more information on this topic. If it’s not rude, why not stay in touch? 먹튀검증사이트
I can’t tell you how impressed I am with your article. Your insight and unique ideas have inspired me to think about many things contain here. Thanks for this info. get more info
One Tree Hill should be the best TV series for me, the characters are great., check here
thx for shared this content. Feel free to visit my site https://www.elizabethjamesart.com/.
I am happy to find this post very useful for me, as it contains lot of information. I always prefer to read the quality content and this thing I found in you post. Thanks for sharing. North American Bancard ISO
Brunette Hairdresser Brisbane Southside
We have been looking after our many Brunette clients for many years here in Brisbane and we look forward to look after you soon
Vietnam on motorbike
Join Vietnam Motorcycle Tours today on one of our specialized motorcycle tours in Vietnam. Don’t miss out on an epic motorbike tours in north Vietnam. Book now!
Albendazole is an antiparasitic drug used to treat infections caused by worms. Albendazole is effective in treating nematode, trematode, and cestode infections. It may also be used to treat intestinal worms that cause disease in humans and animals. Albendazole’s mechanism of action involves interfering with the worms’ metabolism so they cannot grow or reproduce. We at AlbenPure supply pure Albendazole compounds. Visit our website for more info or check out these Albendazole Tablets.
For now I shall yield to your issue however trust in the future you actually connect your facts better.
GoGoAnime
Hey , I am come in your website to read your blog . I am very impress to read your Blog this information is really to know everyone I hope your blog impress everyone. Check also my website : Bangalore model girl
Rekomendasi Salah satu gan88 yang merupakan situs slot terpercaya dan terbaik 2022.
I am therefore grateful for this post and thanks so much for sharing it with us. 꽁머니
A very awesome blog post. We are really grateful for your blog post. You will find a lot of approaches after visiting your post 토토
Thanks for sharing us 토토
Hey website owner, thank for sharing this valuable infos! It helped me a lot! visit this website
some truly interesting info , well written and broadly speaking user genial . pest control verwood
Good Work on your latest blog post. I have been checking for additional data on this topic for quite some time now. visit this website
Thank you a bunch for sharing this with all of us you actually realize what you are talking about! Bookmarked. Please also seek advice from my site =). We could have a hyperlink change contract between us! North American Bancard Agent
I can’t really help but admire your blog” your blog is so adorable and nice , website
I just want to let you know that I just check out your site and I find it very interesting and informative 토토사이트
The primary symptom of a weakened nigoal ฝาก 50 รับ 100 immune system is susceptibility to infection.
I have been searching for such an informative post for many days and it seems my search just ended here. Good work and which makes me really impressed. you should go The Student Helpline provides the best Cheap assignment help service to the students with reasonable price on the same deadline.
The subsequent time I learn a blog, I hope that it doesnt disappoint me as a lot as this one. I mean, I know it was my option to read, however I really thought youd have something attention-grabbing to say. All I hear is a bunch of whining about something that you possibly can repair when you werent too busy on the lookout for attention. click here
I am continually amazed by the amount of information available on this subject. What you presented was well researched and well worded in order to get your stand on this across to all your readers. winning369
There is clearly a lot to know about this. I think you made various good points in features also. Blossoms by the park showflat
เล่นสล็อตออนไลน์บนมือถือ
I am continually amazed by the amount of information available on this subject. What you presented was well researched and well worded in order to get your stand on this across to all your readers. winning369
เล่นสล็อตออนไลน์บนมือถือ
These bonus amounts can be out to good use when you try your luck with slot machines. However there are too many online game slots websites out there. So take your time in choosing the right one if you want to get the best possible deals. Slot Online Banyak Menang
What to do with 25000 dollars
Debt Relief from government is helping people with bad credit, low income that need money help. Govt.debtrelief is helping people to make money.
Wow that was really interesting, altought i would add few more deeper thoughts see more
Wow! Such an amazing and helpful post this is. I really really love it. It’s so good and so awesome. I am just amazed. I hope that you continue to do your work like this in the future also หนัง พากย์ไทย เต็มเรื่อง
Thanks for your post. I’ve been thinking about writing a very comparable post over the last couple of weeks. I’ll probably keep it short and sweet and link to this instead if thats cool. Thanks. self hosted blog
I’m so glad that i visited your blog page. your submit is charming and provide me a little beneficial facts which make me got an notion of my new online site. Many thanks. Wish you always keep it up. see more
very interesting post.this is my first time visit here.i found so mmany interesting stuff in your blog especially its discussion..thanks for the post! digital payments business
Very informative post! There is a lot of information here that can help any business get started with a successful social networking campaign. หนัง พากย์ไทย เต็มเรื่อง
The subsequent time I read a blog, I hope that it doesnt disappoint me as a lot as this one. I imply, I do know it was my choice to learn, however I actually thought youd have something attention-grabbing to say. All I hear is a bunch of whining about something that you could repair in the event you werent too busy in search of attention. سایت های شرط بندی معتبر
Wow! Such an amazing and helpful post this is. I really really love it. It’s so good and so awesome. I am just amazed. I hope that you continue to do your work like this in the future also Website : Chennai model girl
best dental clinic in antalya https://globaldentalcenterturkey.com
Do not worry if you have any questions about Bitstop ATM. You can easily contact our Bitstop ATM customer service phone number +18007925902 and get your questions answered. Whether you need customer support through a phone call, text message, or live chat, we are always available to assist you.