1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Economy Class:
Comfort Class:
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
I got too much interesting stuff on your blog. I guess I am not the only one having all the enjoyment here! Keep up the good work. jili slot
Very Impressive Post. Perfect & Precious Information. Keep Sharing!!!!! I would also like to share some knowledge about RMT Massage Therapy Clinic in Cloverdale Surrey . Think Physiotherapy is one of highly rated clinics in Surrey in British Columbia(Canada). We provide physical therapy, chiropractic & massage therapy for our patients. For Detail Call (604)-372-4601, or Reach our Website you will get complete information…
Good Job Admin! I just stumbled upon your weblog and wanted to say that I have really enjoyed browsing your blog posts. Check out my blog @ https://www.stiest.site/flo-and-kay-lyman-death
오피사이트Do you want information? We’re providing the best information.
Very Impressive Post. Perfect & Precious Information. Keep Sharing!!!!! I would also like to share some knowledge about RMT Massage Therapy Clinic in Cloverdale Surrey . Think Physiotherapy is one of highly rated clinics in Surrey in British Columbia(Canada). We provide physical therapy, chiropractic & massage therapy for our patients. For Detail Call (604)-372-4601, or Reach our Website you will get complete information…
Thanks for a very interesting blog. What else may I get that kind of info written in such a perfect approach? I’ve a undertaking that I am simply now operating on, and I have been at the look out for such info. linear weigher
When your website or blog goes live for the first time, it is exciting. That is until you realize no one but you and your. situs togel online
i love reading this article so beautiful!!great job! https://ginel95607.wixsite.com/ginel95607/post/massage-therapy-a-perfect-way-to-eliminate-stress-and-pain-instantly
Wow i can say that this is another great article as expected of this blog.Bookmarked this site.. สล็อต 888
This is an awesome rousing article.I am practically satisfiedh for everyone, but I hope that the more I will endure and get good results. Thank you . That appears to be excellent however i am still not too sure that I like it. At any rate will look far more into it and decide personally! My web vinilos decorativos
Pagostroe Usa
I haven’t any word to appreciate this post…..Really i am impressed from this post….the person who create this post it was a great human..thanks for shared this with us. Home care Service
This is important, though it’s necessary to help you head over to it weblink: Visit Website
Start trading with the best forex broker. Experience industry’s leading conditions and advanced investment tools to trade commodities, crypto, currencies, indices, and more. https://www.nairaland.com/7157435/how-lucrative-forex
Great post, and great website. Thanks for the information! สล็อต 888
ESV112N02SFC, SMV SERIES SENSORLESS VECTOR 1.5 HORSEPOWER WITH INPUT VOLTAGE 208-240V 1P N4X INDOOR FILTERED INPUT AND OUTPUT 3 PHASE, LENZE
https://www.qfautomation.com/products/esv112n02sfc
Cheap Gucci Handbags Is usually blogengine much better than wp for reasons unknown? Should be which is turning out to be popluar today. Bokep
trading platform Start trading with the best forex broker. Experience industry’s leading conditions and advanced investment tools to trade commodities, crypto, currencies, indices, and more.
Start trading with the best forex broker. Experience industry’s leading conditions and advanced investment tools to trade commodities, crypto, currencies, indices, and more. trading software
Start trading with the best forex broker. Experience industry’s leading conditions and advanced investment tools to trade commodities, crypto, currencies, indices, and more. start trading
I have a similar interest this is my page read everything carefully and let me know what you think. Lubrication Injector
An impressive share, I recently given this onto a colleague who was simply performing a little analysis for this. And then he actually bought me breakfast because I ran across it for him.. smile. So well then, i’ll reword that: Thnx for any treat! But yeah Thnkx for spending some time to discuss this, Personally i think strongly concerning this and enjoy reading much more about this topic. If you can, as you grow expertise, could you mind updating your blog site with a lot more details? It is actually extremely of great help for me. Large thumb up in this blog post! animeflash
https://pastelink.net/sh51vts9
Interesting and amazing how your post is! It Is Useful and helpful for me That I like it very much, and I am looking forward to Hearing from your next.. interior designer
I’ve been surfing online more than three hours today, yet I never found any interesting article like yours. It’s pretty worth enough for me. In my opinion, if all webmasters and bloggers made good content as you did, the web will be a lot more useful than ever before. modular vault room
موقع اتفرج تي في العربي افضل موقع لمشاهدة المسلسلات العربية اون لاين مجانا على موقع اتفرج شاهد و حمل بدون قيود افلام و انمي و مسلسلات عربية و اجنبية
https://d.itfaragtv.one
Pretty good post. I just stumbled upon your blog and wanted to say that I have really enjoyed reading your blog posts. Any way I’ll be subscribing to your feed and I hope you post again soon. Big thanks for the useful info.
먹튀사이트
Very informative post! There is a lot of information here that can help any business get started with a successful social networking campaign. car dealership
i am always looking for some free stuffs over the internet. there are also some companies which gives free samples. 1인샵
I high appreciate this post. It’s hard to find the good from the bad sometimes, but I think you’ve nailed it! would you mind updating your blog with more information? 유흥알바
AliaSharma.in
Now i’m thinking about kinds write-up. It is actually good to find out folks verbalize around the cardiovascular system as well as comprehending through this considerable concept is normally basically identified. mclaren senna lm for sale
Nice post mate, keep up the great work, just shared this with my friendz 犀利士價格
Now i’m thinking about kinds write-up. It is actually good to find out folks verbalize around the cardiovascular system as well as comprehending through this considerable concept is normally basically identified. Blue book car valuation
i am always looking for some free stuffs over the internet. there are also some companies which gives free samples. 홈타이
Really insightful write-up! There exists a whole lot of data right here that will help any small business begin with A prosperous social networking campaign.สล็อตแตกง่าย
This would be the right blog for everyone who is wants to find out about this topic. You already know a great deal its practically tricky to argue on hand (not that I really would want…HaHa). You actually put the latest spin on the topic thats been written about for several years. Excellent stuff, just excellent! Sell Your Exotic Car
Positive site, where did u come up with the information on this posting? I’m pleased I discovered it though, ill be checking back soon to find out what additional posts you include. spinning hook kick
Very informative post! There is a lot of information here that can help any business get started with a successful social networking campaign. Uitschuifbare telescoopladder
You have a real ability for writing unique content. I like how you think and the way you represent your views in this article. I agree with your way of thinking. Thank you for sharing. movies123
I was reading your article and wondered if you had considered creating an ebook on this subject. Your writing would sell it fast. You have a lot of writing talent. stretches for doing splits
Nice post mate, keep up the great work, just shared this with my friendz splits stretches
I would like to say that this blog really convinced me to do it! Thanks, very good post. 불법토토사이트
You make so many great points here that I read your article a couple of times. This is great content for your readers. https://www.cialis-store.com/product/2
Activate Syfy Channel to watch Science Fiction, horror and fantasy world syfy.com activate/activatenbcu enter Roku code It can be Activated on devices like Roku TV, Apple TV and Fire TV.
I’ve proper selected to build a blog, which I hold been deficient to do for a during. Acknowledges for this inform, it’s really serviceable! Windshield Mouldings
I recently came across your blog and have been reading along. I thought I would leave my first comment. I don’t know what to say except that I have enjoyed reading. Escape in the city Gouda
We are a small family owned restaurant in San Francisco, California opened end of 2020. We serve American southern cuisine. restaurant
I’m Very Impressive For This Information! Thank You.
http://cientificosaficionados.com/foros/memberlist.php?mode=viewprofile&u=35671
Tracking the shipping of the container should also be a question to the supplier; make sure that you are able to have a regular update to its status. Also, planning permission might be an issue with some areas, 20ft shipping container for sale