Article: Holyoak, DT; Tian, YF; van der Meulen, MCH; Singh, A; (2016) “Osteoarthritis: Pathology, Mouse Models, and Nanoparticle Injectable Systems for Targeted Treatment”, Annals of Biomedical Engineering, 44 (6): 2062-2075
Abstract: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive, degenerative disease of articulating joints that not only affects the elderly, but also involves younger, more active individuals with prolonged participation in high physical-demand activities. Thus, effective therapies that are easy to adopt clinically are critical in limiting the societal burden associated with OA. This review is focused on intra-articular injectable regimens and provides a comprehensive look at existing in vivo models of OA that might be suitable for developing, testing, and finding a cure for OA by intra-articular injections. We first discuss the pathology, molecular mechanisms responsible for the initiation and progression of OA, and challenges associated with disease-specific targeting of OA. We proceed to discuss available animal models of OA and provide a detailed perspective on the use of mouse models in studies of experimental OA. We finally provide a closer look at intra-articular injectable treatments for OA, focusing on biomaterials-based nanoparticles, and provide a comprehensive overview of the various nanometer-size ranges studied.
Funding Acknowledgement: NIH [R21-AR064034, R01-AG022021, RC4-AR060546, R01-AG028664, P30-AR046121]
Funding Text: The authors would like to thank the following funding agencies for supporting their research that was discussed in the review: NIH. Grant Numbers: R21-AR064034, R01-AG022021, RC4-AR060546, R01-AG028664, P30-AR046121. The authors would like to thank Dr. Mathias P. Bostrom at Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, for providing a de-identified knee joint image.