1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
transit made easy by these railway industry, India is always proud of having largest railway industry in the world
python online course certification
best website for online order and trace airplane tickets in iran,republic islamic of.
https://deltaban.com/flights/
https://www.davincilifestyle.com/about/
luxury designer furniture
luxury furniture singapore
luxury italian furniture
designer furniture brands
lifestyle furniture singapore
luxury furniture brands
Thanks for sharing such informative post. Have a look; Best Bee Feeder
Thanks for this wonderful post
I owned https://www.trends24ng.com.ng/?m=1 I teach you how to make money online for free
For EDI Integration information visit amosoft website.
Click here:https://www.amosoft.com/amazon-edi-for-vendor-central
https://agiflorida.com/mark-castley/
Mark Castley
Mark Castley Real Estate
FRAG Pro Shooter Mod Generator Online Tool Hack – Generate Free 15K Diamonds for you Platform iOS and Android.
FRAG Pro Shooter Hack!
nice info shared here keep updating -https://allcanelovsjacobs.com
Unified middleweight champion Saul “Canelo” Alvarez is set to make his 2019 debut when he defends the WBA and WBC middleweight championships against IBF titlist Daniel Jacobs in a title unification bout May 4 from the T-Mobile Arena in Las Vegas.canelo vs jacobs live stream
Bella Rosa Gardens offers custom flower and rose arrangements for weddings, parties, and events, membership programs, and preserved roses in southern California
Your liver is available within the best high space of one’s gut. It plays many essential functions which have a direct impact on metabolism through the entire body, for example.hepatitis D
https://nkosiagrofarmsptyltd.com
cow ox gallstone for sale
Boer goats for sale
pigs for sale
Animal feed for sale
livestock for sale
Nkosi Agro Farms Pty Ltd offers a full range of products to support healthy livestock
Nkosi Agro Farms Pty Ltd, primary goal is to supply the highest quality animals at the most competitive price. Through our rigid selection process, health testing, final inspection and follow up service we aim to provide superior service both before and after shipment to guarantee a satisfied customer. No matter what size genetic purchase you wish to export, Nkosi Agro Farms Pty Ltd can assist. We work with our clients to ensure a smooth and successful shipment. Nkosi Agro Farms Pty Ltd, is an SQIS approved isolation centre owned and operated by us.
meekd.com is the world’s only web Search Engine with No Ads! Meekd has become MENA region’s new fast-growing tool used by internet users as an open web search engine that ‘does not track’ you and does not mix ADs with search results. There are no paid-for results or sponsored content in the result listing. The team, primarily, is based in Dubai and comprises of Expat and Local talent.The only Search engine with no Ads
Really nice. hats of France govetment. i’m also looking same like in india also
http://www.printwel.in
Very Nice Article
Transport infrastructure is one of the most important factors for a country’s progress. Although India has a large and diverse transport sector with its own share of challenges, they can be overcome by energy-efficient technologies and customer-focussed approach
One cannot overemphasize the importance of transportation than call it the ‘lifeline’ of a nation. It has been proven by so many instances how transport infrastructure has added speed and efficiency to a country’s prog ..
http://vipgirlinpakistan.com/escorts-in-lahore/
As a seller of legal steroids, you can buy Crazy Bulk products, explore stacks and finally get the body you’ve always wanted blouse back neck designs
http://www.t3direct.com/sacramento-seo
sacramento seo
seo services to rank up websites using on-page and off-page seo
in the Sacramento area
http://byan.ir
سرویس وبلاگدهی بیان
This is an excellent post I seen thanks to share it. It is really what I wanted to see hope in future you will continue for sharing such a excellent post.college
very good information this will help a lot
Thanks for sharing.
https://www.koshercertifications.in/
The resetting of the password is an important phenomenon to protect an online piece of software. For this reason, it should be done in a proper way as much as possible. In addition to this, we have offered the platform as Yahoo customer service number to enable our customer to access us without any hassle.
Thanks for sharing such informative post. Have a look Yahoo Customer Support
This post is really commendable . thanks for sharing
http://www.halalcertificationindia.com/
very nice information such a very nice articles thanks
current affairs in hindi
Thanks for sharing such useful information with us. Hope everyone is gets benefited. visit: https://netokart.com/
Hello. Great job. I did not expect this. This is a great story. Thanks! https://paykasasi.com/
پوکر آنلاین – پوکر انلاین ثبت نام در سایت پوکر آنلاین ایرانی پولی با درگاه شتاب لینک سایت پوکر آنلاین بازی پوکر آنلاین online poker پوکر آنلاین
https://pokeriran.jimdofree.com
تعمير درب اتوماتيک09124372935تعمير جک ريموتي تعميرات تخصصي درب برقي تمام نقاط تهران تعميرات و سرويس درب هاي اتوماتيک پارکينگي ، کرکره برقي ، درب هاي اتوماتيک شيشه اي فروشگاهي در انواع ريلي ، دولنگه و درب هاي بادي قديمي با قطعات اور جينال
https://xn--mgbfb0a3b7d15c.com/
تعمير انواع جک درب (چيني ، آلماني ، ايتاليايي) به صورت شبانه روزي با ضمانت کاري
تعمير جک – برد – چشمي – ساخت ريموت جک
تمام قطعات نصب و تعمير داراي گارانتي مي باشد
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iTB5lfAjmVg
Metham Ohio Locksmiths
Have you lost your home or car keys? In the need of a trusted, professional locksmith? Look no further than our locksmith business which serves both personal and business needs. Most locksmiths you hire will not have undergone formal training. However, all our locksmiths have undergone a rigorous training program preparing them for a variety of key and lock needs.
university trips missions
Participating in an ABV international volunteer service trip is an excellent way for students to immerse themselves in a new culture and language. ABV volunteer trips have students contributing to meaningful community-based service work in schools, children’s centers, hospitals, national parks, zoos, and more. An ABV volunteer trip is an outstanding opportunity to expand global horizons and gain a broader view of the World. Organizing an international service trip can take weeks of preparation. Let us help! With over a decade of experience, ABV takes the worry out of the entire process.
such a informative post indeed , thanks for sharing
http://www.meripharmacy.in/
unani medicine, ayurvedic medicine,unani hakim,unani product,hamdard unani medicine,Rex Unani products,Buy unani product online
http://www.meripharmacy.in/
thanks for sharing
http://cmsnegar.ir/android-application
Such great info! I will add it to my Linkedin Profile via Resumeplus.co.il
Hi,
This is a very good and informative education site
Thanks
Nice post. Waiting for more
https://www.mswebdesigner.com/pages/shopify-migration
http://stafabandb.com/
stafaband, mp3 downloader, save mp3, download lagu, gudang lagu
STAFABAND – Free Download Mp3 dan Video Lagu Terlengkap
leonardo da vinci
leonardo da vinci, da vinci, davinci, obras de leonardo da vinci, leonardo da vinci obras
Quizás la faceta más conocida de Leonardo da Vinci es la de pintor, para muchos ha sido la síntesis del renacimiento, en él convergen las artes y las ciencias. Sabemos que ha retratado importantes personajes históricos, siempre dejando su impronta, curiosamente en muchas de sus obras ha resaltado a personajes con ciertas posturas que no son fáciles de explicar sin las claves… descubre en este artículo el secreto en sus más famosos cuadros!
This article is complete detail of railway industry in France.
Best written information on railway industry.
https://www.roseindia.net
قیمت قالیشویی
قالیشویی تهران
very good information this will help a lot Thanks for sharing. Web Development Company India
very nice article thanks for sharing this blog http://www.eastpoint.ae/
Hi,
Thanks for sharing this good information
http://indianacademysharjah.com/
nice thanks for sharing this blog
http://indianacademydubai.com/
https://www.ffrwd.co.za/
SEO, SEO Johannesburg, SEO Gauteng, SEO Agency, SEO Company
Fast Forward Marketing is a Specialist SEO agency in
Johannesburg with over 16 years experience. We guarantee ranking
on page 1 or your money back. Voted the Best in South Africa,
and we featured on Business Day Live Tv, DSTV Tv, Financial
Mail, Fox Publications etc. We also have a very impressive
client portfolio of both SMME’s and Corporate or Blue Chip
clients.
پوکر آنلاین
پوکر آنلاین
سایت پوکر آنلاین
online poker
پوکر آنلاین ایرانی