1. Industry Overview:
In France, one of the most popular transport modes is train. SNCF is France’s national railway, providing high speed, overnight and local services in France and beyond into Spain, Switzerland and Italy.
>> http://www.tgv-europe.com/en
Types of Train in France:
Railway industry is quite similar to airline industry, as it sells seats for a transport from an origin to a destination. The price depends on journey, class, and date of booking. Thus, railway industry can be placed in Quadrant 2, where its service has variable prices for a predictable duration. This industry also has the appropriate characteristics to apply revenue management strategies. Those characteristics are:
– Inflexible capacity: the number of seats on a train is fixed
– Variable and uncertain demand: the demand is different depending on the time of day, day of week, origin-destination pairs, and purpose of travel
– Perishable inventory: the unoccupied seat cannot be inventoried, and the revenue of that seat is missed
– Low marginal cost and high production cost
– Product can be sold in advance
– Heterogeneous customers with different segments, varying by age, purpose of travel, independent or group, etc.
However, there are some differences that make the revenue management of railway industry is little bit different than that of airline industry.
– More difficult to forecast demand and to have the accurate number of travelers on a service: no check-in procedure, open tickets (rail pass) generally allow passengers to travel on any rail service, walk up tickets are very common (a large number of passengers purchase their tickets on the day from the station)
– Less difficult to deal with overbooking: passengers are often allowed to stand during train journeys hence increasing capacity beyond the number of seats
———
2. Space
Railway industry defines space implicitly.
Normally, a train has two classes: Economy (2nd Class) and Comfort (1st Class). The seating options and services are different for each class. The price is same for different seating options in a class.
Trains, especially TGV has “TGV bar”, which provides a wide selection of meals and sweet snacks available for purchase. Additionally, the TGV bar offers films on DVD, magazines, games for children, Paris Metro tickets, even USB sticks for purchase. There is also a rolling snack cart that comes to the customers’ seats.
For additional revenue, TGV offers Premium service includes 1st Class seat, meal service, and access to the TGV lounge at the train stations.
Personally, I would charge difference fares for different seating options in each class. A group will want to pay more to have a Club 4 seat. A couple will want the Duo seat or Club 2 seat. And an individual traveler will want a solo seat. As the number of seat are fixed, we can charge for each option, rather than a “first comes first served” policy.
I’m also thinking about a mini-cinema on train, especially overnight train. Normally, the overnight train have load factor less than 80%, so the train can use one car to transform into a mini-cinema with a projector and a screen. When the train is busy, the car will be transformed in normal guest car again.
——
3. Time
Railway industry defines time implicitly.
Although the duration of a journey is determined, the railway industry sells a journey rather than specifically selling time. In addition, there may be issues that cause the increase/decrease in duration of the journey.
However, the railway industry also tries to sell time explicitly with the Rail pass. With Rail pass, customers can have unlimited travel on the national rail network of France for a fixed number of days. The choices are 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9-day pass within a one-month period. Travel days may be used consecutively or non-consecutively. Thus, the fare becomes rate-per-day, not anymore rate-per-trip.
>> http://www.raileurope.com/rail-tickets-passes/france-pass/index.html
The industry can sell time explicitly by providing Rail pass with weekly or monthly unit. However, I think it will not be effective as it makes the demand forecasting much more complicated. Half-day unit won’t make sense as a trip is normally more than 3 hours.
——–
4. Price
Tickets can be purchased 60 to 120 days in advance depending on the route.
Ticket discounts are based on advance purchase, availability, and certain restrictions. Everyone is eligible to receive discounted fares by purchasing an Economy or Comfort class ticket in advance. Youth and seniors can enjoy specific discounts as well. Discounted tickets are available for youth (under 26 of age), seniors (age 60 and over) and children (generally ages 4-11) but should be verified with each product.
Price at 1 week before departure
Price at 2 weeks before departure
Price at 3 weeks before departure
Price at 4 weeks before departure
Normally, prices are reduced for 1or 2 week-advanced purchase, slightly reduced for 3-week-advanced purchased, and stay same for more-than-4-week-advanced purchase.
The physical rate fences are the classes:
The non-physical rate fences are age, season ticket, and loyalty
As the rate fences are now already too sophisticated, I would rather consolidate these fences than create new fences to confuse customers.
(-Thao Ly)
——–
References:
http://www.raileurope.com
http://www.tgv-europe.com
http://www.sncf.co.uk/
Amstrong and Messneir, 2010. Railway revenue management: Overview and Methods
Schroeder, Braun, and Schnieder. Revenue management in the railway industry
http://iranparch.ir
http://backlink2.ir
http://pakage.ir
http://persianpsd.ir
http://tak-web.ir
http://wikiblogs.ir
http://youtld.ir
http://flyrank.ir
http://internetdns.ir
http://rankresan.ir
http://wstats.ir
http://solblog.ir
http://jozweh.ir
http://tickmarket.ir
http://bestarchive.ir
http://mypcweb.ir
http://keihanweb.ir
Nice Information. Thanks for Sharing
Check out the latest apps and software to help planners promote their events, gather data, and improve the attendee experience.Here’s a roundup of some of the newest technology products to use at meetings, fund-raisers, conference and other types of events.event bh for more info http://www.eventbh.com/onsite-event-management-software/
Hiya, I’m really glad I have found this info. Nowadays bloggers publish only about gossip and internet stuff and this is really irritating. A good blog with exciting content, that is what I need. Thanks for making this website, and I’ll be visiting again. Do you do newsletters by email?
http://www.kiomediworld.com/
Thanks for sharing all the info. http://www.shopalmostanything.com
EventBH is an integral element of the event experience. The program has been very successful in assisting delegates to make their critical connections and conduct the necessary meetings at the event. With thousands of delegates representing more than 100 nations, the Business Matching Program is the platform to create and nurture vital cross-continental business relationships. The internet-based Business Matchmaking Program is powered by outsmart Marketing.
for more info http://www.eventbh.com/business-matchmaking-app/
This article suggests that there are simple things we can do to reduce our electric bill, but focusing on needs instead of wants.
Check out the best phone monitoring Best Parental Control App 2019 and child GPS tracker app to secure your kid’s with screen time control and app activities.
It’s difficult to find experienced people in this particular subject, however, you seem like you know what you’re talking about!
Read Effects Of soft Drinks On The Human Body.
Thanks
Contact whatsapp number call girls in Mumbai
http://www.snehasingh.com/contact-whatsapp-number-call-girls-escorts-mumbai.html
Air quality Delhi,AQI Delhi,pollution in delhi,air in delhi,pollution levels in delhi,delhi air quality,delhi aqi
Event management is the application of project management to creation and development of large-scale events such as festivals, conferences, ceremonies, weddings, formal parties, concerts, or Conventions. It involves studying the brand, identifying its target audience, devising the event idea, and coordinating the technical aspects before actually launching the event.
For more Info:- http://www.eventbh.com/event-check-in/
Cosmic Consultancy is a detective agency in Mumbai which provides highly professional and discreet detective services in Mumbai and PAN India basis.
http://cosmicconsultancy.in/
Beautiful trains. I would love to go to France. Check out my fitness and health website http://www.shopalmostanything.com
Everyone do not know everything so never disappointed that how much you know. Always try to do new thing to develop yourself along with you can read interesting thing like Free Malware Scanner tool that will help you to fix and removal malware programs.
https://www.howtoremoveit.info/malware/
Cosmic Consultancy is a detective agency in Mumbai which provides highly professional and discreet detective services in Mumbai and PAN India basis.
http://www.CosmicConsultancy.in/
Social media,Followers,Buy followers,Social media followers,Instagram followers
Thanks for sharing such useful information with us. Visit: Amutha Ganesan Novels
This is one of the most impressive posts that I have come across in recent times and one that will help the railway management of France in future. The post has been brilliantly crafted and that will help budding writers to write lively articles like this. If you want to write similar articles than you can take the help of best writing site https://penmypaper.com.
Great Article
http://keihanweb.ir
Great Article! Download HTET Syllabus.
http://mypcweb.ir
http://bestarchive.ir
You should download fb video downloader from https://www.fbvideodownloader.cc . This is best facebook video downloader on the internet.
Lashes kaufen,Wimpern kaufen, Lashes bestellen,Wimpern bestellen,Wimpern in Deutschland kaufen,Lashes in Deutschland kaufen,Wimpern in Deutschland bestellen,Lashes in Deutschland kaufen,Lashes in Düsseldorf kaufen,Wimpern in Düsseldorf kaufen,Mink Lashes kaufen,Bandwimpern bestellen,Wimpernzubehör kaufen,Die besten Künstlichen Wimpern,Künstliche Wimpern bestellen,Kontaktlinsen Kaufen, compra ciglia, buy lashes, acheter de cils, koop wimpers, compra ciglia
Wir von Almaz Lashes aus Düsseldorf bieten euch eine Vielzahl an Wimpern/Lashes, Zubehör und Kontaktlinsen, die ihr ganz bequem über unseren Onlineshop bestellen könnt.
Hi
Very nice article
After Road transport system , Second most important communication or Transport system is Railway communication .There is no any doubt that France is a highly developed country and Railway industry has taken some important role for it’s economical development.
Thanks.
Tony Thomas
https://ftasatupdate.blogspot.com/2018/09/open-box-led-tv-best-buy-open-box-deals.html
rhino rising music hard rock sitrep Jesse Crean marines military usmc
An event manager is in charge of planning, organizing, and executing all types and sizes of events, like musical concerts, food festivals, and conventions. You’ll meet with clients to assess their needs and determine the purpose of the event. Planning an event or conference is never easy. The process can be long and, often, a little bumpy as planners attempt to balance brand and sponsor interests, attendee must-haves and other high-value integrations. All of this is par for the course when you’re an event professional — it’s part of the good, the bad and the ugly of organizing successful programming, no matter how long you’ve been in business. And when you need a little pick-me-up? Check out these great quotes from industry pros and, even, experts in all things planning. No doubt these will inspire you even on your toughest days.
For more details visit our page: – http://www.eventbh.com/lead-retrieval-app-trade-shows/
EventBH is one of the best company in the Business Matchmaking software. Fosters contact between manufacturers and buyers, even before the trade fair begins. We help you to find, from amongst over 37,000 visitors at the show, those buyers, wholesalers and retailers that are of greatest importance for your company and are looking for what you are offering. There is an easy-to-use online platform accessible to help you plan meetings with new and existing customers. In addition, you will be given a individual assistance from our matchmaking team.
For more info http://www.eventbh.com/business-matchmaking-app/
Fire safety measures incorporate those that are arranged amid the development of a building or actualized in structures that are now standing and those that are instructed to tenants of the building.
For more Info: – https://www.nifsindia.net/
Fire security approaches apply at the development of a building and all through its working life. Construction regulations are established by neighborhood, sub-national, or national governments to guarantee such highlights as sufficient fire ways out, signage, and development subtle elements, for example, fire stops and fire evaluated entryways, windows, and dividers. Fire wellbeing is likewise a goal of electrical codes to anticipate overheating of wiring or gear, and to shield from start by electrical shortcomings. for more info http://www.nifsindia.net/
pretty cool,very informative post thank you.
nice post and thanks for the information.
Buy Incense from leading manufacturer & supplier in the USA, Sarathi makes the best quality incense sticks, cones, burners & fragrance oils.
visit our site http://sarathi.com/